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The Cold War - Study Guide
Essential Knowledge:
Competition between the United States and the U.S.S.R. laid the foundation for the Cold War. The
Cold War influenced the policies of the United States and the U.S.S.R. towards other nations and
conflicts around the world. The presence of nuclear weapons
influenced patterns of conflict and cooperation since 1945.
Communism eventually failed as an economic system in the
Soviet Union leading to the breakup of the Soviet Union.
Japanese occupation of European colonies in Asia heightened
demands for independence after World War II. After World War
II, the United States pursued a policy of containment against
communism. This policy included the development of regional
alliances against Soviet and Chinese aggression. The Cold War led
to armed conflict in Korea and Vietnam.
In India, British policies and India’s demand for self-rule led to the
rise of the Indian independence movement, resulting in the
creation of new states in the Indian sub-continent – India,
Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Republic of India, a democratic nation, developed after the country
gained independence.
The charter of the United Nations guaranteed colonial populations the
right to self-determination. Independence movements in Africa
challenged European imperialism. In the
Middle East after World War II, the
mandate system established after World
War I was phased out. With the end of
the mandates, new states were created in the
Middle East.
Terms:
38th Parallel
Ahimsa
Battle of Inchon
Berlin Airlift
Berlin Wall
Civil Disobedience
“Iron Curtain”
Cold War
Containment
Democracy
Dictatorship
Domino Theory
Free enterprise
Glasnost
Hot spots
Mutual Assured
Destruction (MAD)
NATO
Nuclear deterrence
Perestroika
Solidarity (labor
movement)
Soviet bloc
Superpower
Truman Doctrine
United Nations
Warsaw Pact
African nationalist
movement
Algerian National
Liberation Front (FLN)
Balfour Declaration
Civil disobedience/passive
resistance
Containment
Hot spots
Indian National Congress
Muslim League
Pan-Arabism
Partition of India
Refugee
Zionism
Commune
Cuban Missile Crisis
Great Leap Forward
Guerilla Warfare
Gulf of Tonkin
Korean War
Marshall Plan
NATO
Operation Rolling Thunder
Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang
Jieshi)
Gandhi, Mohandas
Gurion, David Ben
Ho Chi Minh
Jinnah, Muhammad Ali
Kenyatta, Jomo
Mao Zedong
Nehru, Jawaharlal
Nkrmah, Kwame
Palestinians
Macarthur, Douglas
Ho Chi Minh
Mandela, Nelson
People:
Brezhnev, Leonid
Castro, Fidel
Churchill, Winston
Gorbachev, Mikhail
Kennedy, John F.
Khrushchev, Nikita
Reagan, Ronald
Ben Bella, Ahmed
Events
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Berlin Airlift
Berlin Wall
Collapse of Communism
Cuban Missile Crisis
Expansion of NATO
Fall of the Berlin Wall
Korean War
Nationalism in the Soviet empire
Nationalism in Warsaw
Pact countries
Vietnam War
Yalta Conference
Chinese Civil War
Creation of Israel
Cultural Revolution
Division of Vietnam
Establishment of Chinese
Republic
Great Leap Forward
Hot spots
Israeli War of Independence
Korean War
Long March
Religious conflict in India
Reunification of Vietnam
Rise of mass nationalist
movements
Superpower rivalry
Vietnam War
VOCABULARY:
Read each definition, then write the correct term in the space provided next to the definition.
“Iron Curtain”
Brinkmanship
Cold War (
Communes
Cultural Revolution
Détente
Domino theory
Marshall Plan
NATO
The Space Race
Third World
Truman Doctrine
United Nations
Warsaw Pact
1. ___________________ An internationals organization intended to protect the
members against aggression
2. ___________________ Phrase created by Churchill to represent Europe’s division
into mostly democratic Western Europe and Communist
Eastern Europe
3. ___________________ Foreign policy directed at stopping the expansion of
communism
4. ___________________ Truman’s policy of financial support for countries that
rejected communism
5. ___________________ Assistance program that would provide food, machinery and
other materials to rebuild Western Europe
6. ___________________ A struggle over political differences carried on by means of
short military action or war
7. ___________________ North Atlantic Treaty Organization. A defensive military
alliance formed by western Europe, the US and Canada
8. ___________________ A defensive military alliance formed by the USSR and
Eastern Europe
9. ___________________ The willingness to go to the edge of war
10. ___________________ Competition between the US and USSR to develop
technology that could be use to explore and control space.
11. ___________________ Large collective farms
12. ___________________ A Chinese uprising whose goal was to establish a society of
peasants and workers in which all were equal
13. ___________________ The idea that the fall to communism of one Southeast
Asian nation would lead to the fall of its neighbors
14. ___________________ Developing nations who were not aligned with either
superpower
15. ___________________ A policy of lessening Cold War tensions
The Cold War - page 3
VOCABULARY Continued
Apartheid
Camp David Accords
Ethnic Cleansing
Glasnost
Intifada
--
Struggles for Democracy
Martial Law
Mujahedeen
Negritude Movement
Oslo Peace Accords
Partition
Perestroika
PLO
Taliban
Zionists
1. ___________________ The division of India into separate Hindu (India)
and Muslim (Pakistan) nations.
2. ___________________ A movement to celebrate African heritage, culture
and values.
3. ___________________ The Palestine Liberation Organization – dedicated
to the establishment of an independent state for
Palestinian Arabs and the elimination of Israel.
4. ___________________ The first signed agreement between Israel and an
Arab country
5. ___________________ “Shaking off”; Palestinian campaigns of violence and
non-violent resistance against Israel.
6. ___________________ 1993 agreement in which Israeli prime minister
Rabin granted Palestinian self-rule in the Gaza
Strip and the West Bank.
7. ___________________ In Afghanistan, holy warriors who fought the
Soviet-supported government in the 1970s
8. ___________________ Conservative Islamic group that took control of
Afghanistan
9. ___________________ A temporary rule by military authorities
10. ___________________ A South African policy of complete legal separation
of the races
11. ___________________ A Soviet policy of openness to the free flow of
ideas and information
12. ___________________ A restructuring of the Soviet economy by Mikhail
Gorbachev
13. ___________________ A policy of murder and other acts of brutality by
which Serbs hope to eliminate Bosnia’s Muslim
population after the breakup of Yugoslavia
14. ___________________ People who favored a Jewish national homeland in
Palestine
The Cold War - page 4
The Cold War Web
Why? Why did the cold
war end?
When? What years did
the Cold War cover?
Why? Why did this war
begin?
Where? Where did nuclear
confrontation happen?
Where? Where were
the Hot wars fought?
The Cold
Who? Russian leaders?
War
What? What is this war about?
Who? US Leader?
How? The Weapons?
What? What was the symbol of
the Cold War?
Who? Asian Leaders?
Who? Africa & Mideast leaders?
How? Who had The
Bomb?
How? What prevented the
Soviet Union from
invading Western Europe?
What? Who started this
war?
What? Who won the war?
Who? Latin American Leaders?
The Cold War - page 5
7 Stages of the Cold War
1. The
Causes
2. The
Spark
3. The
Turning
Point
4. The
Korean
War
5. The
Vietnam
War
6. The Final
Stage
7. The
Effects
The Cold War - page 6
PEOPLE & GEOGRAPHY –– In each box write the name of the leader.
Nikita Khrushchev
Brezhnev
Mikhail Gorbachev
Boris Yeltsin
Vladimir Putin
Pol Pot
Ho Chi Minh
Eva Peron
Vicente Fox
Fidel Castro
Ayatola Khomeini
Daniel Ortega
Corazon Aquino
Mao Zedong
NEXT, draw an arrow to the correct region.
Aung San Suu Kyi
Benazir Bhutto
Jawaharlal Nehru
Anwar Sadat
Yasir Afafat
Jomo Kenyatta
Kwame Nkrumah
John F Kennedy
Lyndon Johnson
Richard Nixon
Ronald Reagan
Douglas MacArthur
Nelson Mandela
F.W. de Klerk
USA: (5)
Asia (east and southeast)
(7)
Latin America: (4)
USSR: (5)
Middle East: (3)
Africa: (4)
The Cold War - page 7
GEOGRAPHY –– Use the map below to answer the following questions.
1. Which 3 NATO countries were not foundermembers?
a.
b.
c.
2. Which 4 Eastern European countries border
the “Iron Curtain”?
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. Which 3 Western European countries border
the “Iron Curtain”?
a.
b.
c.
The Cold War - page 8
VISUAL LITERACY:
Identify AND describe each image. Remember that there may be more
than one possible way to answer the question.
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Cold War - page 9
7.
6.
The Cold War - page 10