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BIO 101 Lab Practical 2
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration = glycolysis + citric acid cycle + oxidative phosphorylation
Glucose + Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
+
Water
C6H12O6
6 O2

6 CO2
6 H2O
Reagents: Bromthymol blue dye - indicator dye, turns yellow in presence of CO2
Experiments
- Exhaled air vs. room air
- Crickets vs. seedlings
- Plant in light versus dark
- Fermentation by yeast in glucose versus starch
Know results, independent variable and dependent variable for each experiment
Domain and kingdom of organisms used in experiments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Taxonomy –classifying organisms
Domain  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus species
Taxonomy for Homo sapiens
Scientific name = Genus and species
Domain Archaea
Rare prokaryotes, extreme environments
Domain Bacteria
Unicellular
Prokaryotic
Most heterotrophs and saprotrophs
Some autotrophs - chemosynthetic or photosynthetic
Binary fission
Identify:
Slides:
Bacillus, Coccus, Spirillum shapes
Cyanobacteria (live culture)
Agar plate
Bacteria from hands
Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria –diameter of no growth area
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain Eukarya  Kingdom Protista
Slides – Identify and review characteristics of each organism
Trypanosoma – In blood, causes African sleeping sickness. Flagella
Trichonympha -symbiont digests cellulose in wood for termite. Flagella
Amoeba – pseudopods
Plasmodium – in red blood cells, causes malaria
Paramecium - cilia
Euglena - chlorophyll, flagella
Physarum -slime mold
Model paramecium – structures and function of each
Cilia
Contractile vacuole
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BIO 101 Lab Practical 2
Algae
Photosynthetic autotrophs
Green Algae
Unicellular green algae
Colonial green algae
Multicellular green algae
Chlamydomonas
Volvox
Brown Algae
Multicellular, marine, seaweed
Holdfast, blade, stipe
Identify specimen
Red Algae
Identify specimen
Concept Questions
What is visually (using a microscope) different about the blood of a person with malaria, caused by
Plasmodium, and the blood of a person with African sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma?
What are characteristics of green algae and multicellular land plants that suggest green algae are
ancestral to plants? List 3 characteristics.
Euglena is unicellular and contains chlorophyll. So does Chlamydamonas. But, Euglena is not
considered to be algae. Why?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cell Division
Onion root tip and whitefish blastula slides and photos. Identify features of each.
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Terms and concepts
Binary fission
Cell cycle = Interphase + Mitosis
Cell plate
Centriole
Centromere
Chromosomes condense
Cleavage furrow
Cytokinesis
Daughter cell
Diploid
Haploid
Human diploid and haploid chromosome number
Homologous chromosomes
Metaphase plate
Mitosis
Mitotic spindle
Nuclear membrane
Parent cell
Poles of cell
Sister chromatids
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BIO 101 Lab Practical 2
Heredity
Terms and concepts
Allele
Codominance (A and B alleles of I gene)
Dominant allele
Dwarf and tall alleles (t and T)
Gametes
Gene
Green and albino alleles (G and g)
Heterozygous
Homozygous dominant
Homozygous recessive
Multiple alleles (blood group I gene)
Purple and yellow kernel color alleles (P and p)
Recessive allele
Complete Punnett square for one gene crosses
Chi square and how to use table
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gel Electrophoresis
Agarose
Analysis of results with respect to dye charge
Comb
Electrophoresis technique with respect to charge of molecule, size of molecule gel density,
voltage
Gel former
Micropipetter
Tank
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