Download Digestion - Mr. Mendez

Cornell Notes: Digestion
Function 1. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
1. To breakdown food into simpler molecules that can be
absorbed and used by cells.
2. Remove waste from body
Major Structures - Mouth, Esophagus,
Stomach, Small and large intestine,
Pancreas, liver
2. STEPS IN DIGESTION
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination
3. THE PROCESS OF DIGESTION
Digestion involves both mechanical (physical break down)
and chemical (breaking down using enzymes) I. Ingestion- Physically putting food in mouth
2. Digestion A. Begins in the mouth
Mechanical- Teeth break down food into smaller pieces.
Chemical - Enzymes (amylase) breaks down starch into glucose. 3. THE PROCESS OF DIGESTION
B. Food and saliva (Bolus) go down the throat and enter the
food tube (esophagus)
Mechanical - Muscles push the food down the esophagus (peristalsis) C. Food enters the stomach
Mechanical- Muscles contract to mix stomach fluid and food
Chemical - Enzymes break down proteins
Acid kills bacteria The liver produces bile that helps break down fat
full of dead red blood cells
3. Absorption
The majority of chemical digestion and absorption occurs in
the small intestine. Pancreas releases majority of enzymes.
3. THE PROCESS OF DIGESTION
4. Elimination
A. The large intestine (Colon)
Removes water from undigested food.
B. Defecation
The remaining waste (feces) is moved through
the rectum and removed from the body.
4. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS
Ulcer - Acid from stomach damages the lining of the
stomach.
Diarrhea - Not enough water is absorbed by the large
intestine.
Constipation- Too much water is removed from large
intestine.
mouth
!break up food
!digest starch
!kill germs
!moisten food
liver
!produces bile
- stored in gall bladder
!break up fats
pancreas
!produces enzymes to
digest proteins & carbs
appendix
Regents Biology!
stomach
!kills germs
!break up food
!digest proteins
!store food
small intestines
!breakdown food
- proteins
- starch
- fats
!absorb nutrients
large intestines
absorb water