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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
1. Define the following based on the structural properties
(i) alkyl halide
(ii) allyl halide (iii) benzyl halide
(iv) vinyl halide
(v) aryl halide
2. Explain the difference between 10, 20 and 30 alkyl halides, with suitable examples.
3. Allyl halides are more reactive than alkyl halides. Why?
4. What are the reagents required prepare alkyl halide from the following
(i) alcohol
(ii) alkene
(iv) alkanes
5. Explain the reactions used to convert bromo or chloro alkanes to the corresponding iodo alkanes
6. What is the difference between nucleophile and electrophile?
7. What do you meant by nucleophilic substitution reaction? Explain with an example.
8. What are the two different mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution?
9. Explain the difference in configuration during nucleophilic substitution reactions.
10. Explain the terms inversion, retention and racemisation.
11. What happens when a higher alkyl halide is treated with
(i) aqueous KOH (ii) alcoholic KOH
12. Why aryl halides are less reactive than alkyl halides?
13. Explain any two ways of preparing chlorobenzene
14. Why is it difficult to convert phenol to chlorobenzene by direct halogenations?
15. Explain the following electrophilic substitution reactions of chlorobenzene
(i) chlorination
(ii) nitration
(iii) sulphonation
(iv) alkylation (v) acylation
16. Chlorobenzene preferentially gives o- or p- derivatives on electrophilic substitution. Explain this with the
concept of resonance
17. Why Sandmeyer’s reaction is considered to be an effective method in organic synthesis?
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
1. What is the basis of classification of alcohols into 10, 20 and 30. Give examples
2. Why alcohols have higher boiling points than their isomers?
3. Give two tests to distinguish between 10, 20 and 30 alcohols
4. How will you prepare alcohols from the following?
(i) alkyl halides
(ii) alkenes
(iii) aldehydes and ketones
5. Explain the following reactions of alcohols
(i) dehydrogenation
(ii) dehydration
(iii) oxidation
(iv) aliphatic amines
(iv) action with polyhalogen compounds
6. What is the action of Grignard reagent on aldehydes and ketones followed by hydrolysis?
7. List out the reactions of alcohols in which the following types of bonds are cleaved (broken)
(i) C—O bond (ii) O—H bond
8. Distinguish between symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers.
9. How will you prepare ethers by the following methods?
(i) Williamsons’s synthesis
(ii) Dehydration of alcohols
10. Explain the products formed when ethers react with hydrogen halides
11. What is meant by anisole? How will you prepare anisole from phenol?
12.Explain the electrophilic substitution reactions of anisole.
13. Phenol is acidic while alcohols are not. Explain
14. How will you prepare phenol from the following
(i) Cholorobenzene
(ii) benzene (iii) cumene
(iv) benzene diazonium chloride
15. Explain the Reimer –Tiemann reaction of benzene. What are the possible products formed?
16. How will you convert benzene to aniline?
17. Explain the electrophilic substitution reactions of Phenol
18. Why does phenol give ortho or para derivatives on electrophilic substitution