Download Phys Sci I, Quiz #3 - Electriciy and Magnetism, Atomic and Nuclear

Phys Sci I, Quiz #3 - Electriciy and Magnetism, Atomic and Nuclear Physics
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Electric charge is measured in units of
A) coulombs.
B) watts.
C) volts.
D) newtons.
2. A system of an electron, a proton, and a neutron has a net charge of
A) +1.6 × 10-19 C.
B) –1.6 × 10-19 C.
C) 3.2 × 10-19 C.
D) zero.
3. Ohm's law gives the relationship between
A) current and voltage.
B) work and current.
C) current and charge.
D) force and current.
4. The unit of resistance is called a(n)
A) volt.
B) ampere.
C) coulomb.
D) ohm.
E) watt.
5. The electrical power dissipated by a resistance R is
A) inversely proportional to I.
B) directly proportional to I2 .
C) directly proportional to I.
D) none of these.
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6. If work is done on an electric charge, a ______________ is present.
A) resistance
B) current
C) voltage
D) transformer
E) bigger charge
7. Voltage is defined as the ______________ per unit ______________.
A) charge; current
B) work; current
C) charge; work
D) work; charge
8. Three resistors, 20 Ω, 80 Ω, and 70 Ω, are wired in series and connected to a 120-V battery.
What is the equivalent resistance for this circuit?
A) 170 Ω
B) 13 Ω
C) 0.077 Ω
D) 112000 Ω
9. Magnetism results from
A) the movement of magnetic particles.
B) the movement of electric charge.
C) Earth's magnetic field.
D) the movement of magnetic charge.
10. A motor converts
A) electricity into magnetism.
B) electrical energy into mechanical energy.
C) mechanical energy into electrical energy.
D) force into power.
11. A transformer with 600 turns on the primary coil is used to decrease the voltage from 3000
V to 120 V for home use. How many turns should be in the secondary coil?
A) 600 turns
B) 15000 turns
C) 24 turns
D) 3720 turns
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12. A generator is a device that converts
A) heat energy into mechanical energy.
B) chemical energy into electrical energy.
C) mechanical energy into electrical energy.
D) electrical energy into mechanical energy.
13. The ancient Greek who is known for championing the concept of atom was named
______________.
A) Democritus
B) Socrates
C) Plato
D) Zeus
14. Removal of an electron from an atom leaves a
A) neutron.
B) positive ion.
C) free quark.
D) negative ion.
15. The number of electrons in an atom of an element is the same as the element's
A) atomic number.
B) period number.
C) mass number.
D) group number.
16. Which of these colors of light has photons of greatest energy?
A) Green
B) Red
C) Blue
D) Yellow
17. Niels Bohr focused his attention on the element hydrogen because it
A) could be obtained in extremely high purity.
B) was so abundant.
C) had the simplest atom.
D) was inexpensive.
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18. When an electron in an atom falls from a higher energy level to a lower one, a
______________ is ______________.
A) proton; absorbed
B) proton; emitted
C) photon; absorbed
D) photon; emitted
19. The removal of an electron from an atom is called
A) binding affinity.
B) atomizing.
C) electron affinity.
D) ionization.
20. An electron is in its lowest energy level when
A) it is free of nuclear forces.
B) its momentum is zero.
C) it is in its ground state.
D) none of these.
21. The planetary model of the atom is associated with
A) Bohr.
B) Thomson.
C) Dalton.
D) Rutherford.
22. A quantum of electromagnetic radiation is called a(n)
A) photon.
B) electron.
C) positron.
D) proton.
23. How many protons are there in an atom of
A)
B)
C)
D)
12
34
23
11
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?
24. How many nucleons are there in an atom of
A)
B)
C)
D)
?
92
43
235
None of these
25. The atomic number (Z) of an element is equal to the number of ______________ in one of
its atoms.
A) protons
B) neutrons
C) protons plus neutrons
D) neutrons plus electrons
26. The mass number (A) of a nuclide is equal to the number of ______________ in one of its
nuclei.
A) protons plus neutrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) neutrons plus electrons
27. Who discovered the electron in 1897?
A) Ernest Rutherford
B) James Chadwick
C) J. J. Thomson
D) Niels Bohr
28. Who discovered the atomic nucleus in 1911?
A) Marie and Pierre Curie
B) Henri Becquerel
C) Ernest Rutherford
D) Niels Bohr
29. The various isotopes of an element all have
A) the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
B) the same total number of neutrons and protons.
C) the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.
D) the same number of neutrons and the same number of protons.
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30. The nucleus makes up about what percentage of the mass of an atom?
A) 99.9%
B) 50%
C) 90%
D) 5%
31. The most important force between a proton and a neutron is the ______________ force.
A) strong nuclear
B) quark
C) electromagnetic
D) gravitational
32. When an oxygen-19 nucleus undergoes beta decay, the nucleus formed is that of
A) nitrogen-18.
B) oxygen-18.
C) fluorine-19.
D) carbon-14.
33. When
undergoes alpha decay, the daughter is
A)
.!!!!!!!!!!!!
C)
B)
.!!!!!!!!!!!!
D)
34. When
A)
B)
C)
D)
decays to
.
.
, a(n) ______________ is emitted.
beta particle
deuteron
gamma ray
alpha particle
35. After 3 half-lives have elapsed, what fraction of the original radionuclide remains?
A) 1/3
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) None of these
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Phys Sci I, Quiz #4 - Chemical Elements, Bonding And Reactions
Multiple(Choice!
Identify)the)letter)of)the)choice)that)best)completes)the)statement)or)answers)the)question.!
1. Which of the following is not matter?
A) Air
B) Heat
C) Charcoal
D) Electrons
2. Which science deals with the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of
matter?
A) Thermodynamics
B) Geology
C) Physics
D) Chemistry
3. If all samples of a material have identical properties and composition, it is
A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a homogeneous mixture.
D) an element or compound.
4. The most modern definition of element is
A) a substance that cannot be further separated by chemical methods.
B) the simplest form of matter.
C) a substance in which all the atoms have the same number of protons.
D) a substance that contains no neutrons.
5. The identity of an atom is determined by its number of
A) valence bonds.
B) neutrons.
C) electrons.
D) protons.
6. A cola drink is a good example of
A) a compound.
B) a heterogeneous mixture.
C) a homogeneous mixture.
1!!
D) an element.
7. A chocolate chip cookie is a good example of
A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a homogeneous mixture.
D) a heterogeneous mixture.
8. Chloroform can be broken down by chemical means but not by physical methods.
Thus chloroform is
A) a homogeneous mixture.
B) an element.
C) a compound.
D) a heterogeneous mixture.
9. Take a cup of water, add sugar, and stir. If the resulting solution no longer contains
sugar crystals, the solution is said to be
A) an unsaturated solution.
B) a saturated solution.
C) a heterogeneous solution.
D) none of these.
10. When the atoms of two or more elements react chemically, they usually join together
to form
A) isotopes.
B) new elements.
C) molecules.
D) isomers.
11. An example of a diatomic molecule of a compound is
A) P4.
B) NO2.
C) N2.
D) CO.
12. The most abundant element in the universe is
A) hydrogen.
B) iron.
C) oxygen.
D) carbon.
2!!