Download Chapter 21 Review - Blue Valley Schools

Chapter 21 Review
1
The criteria for a good model organism for studying development would include all of the
following EXCEPT
A
B
C
D
E
2
The process by which cells become specialized in structure and function is called
A
B
C
D
E
3
translation.
transcription.
DNA replication.
histone formation.
nuclear membrane formation.
Although quite different in structure, plants and animals share some basic similarities in
their development, such as
A
B
C
D
E
5
cloning.
totipotency.
determination.
morphogenesis.
cell differentiation.
In most cases, cell differentiation is controlled at the level of
A
B
C
D
E
4
short generation time.
a relatively small genome.
observable embryonic development.
preexisting knowledge of the organism's life history.
a rare pattern of development when compared to most organisms.
cell division increasing the number of cells.
the creation of form through morphogenesis.
master regulatory genes that encode DNA-binding proteins.
cell differentiation and the organization of cells into tissues and organs.
all of the above
In animals, but not in plants, __________ is necessary to transform the early embryo into
the characteristic three-dimensional form of the organism.
A
B
C
D
E
cell death
cell growth
cell division
cell movement
cell differentiation
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Chapter 21 Review
6
One striking difference between development in plants and development in animals is that
in plant development
A
B
C
D
E
7
_______ refers to the progressive restriction of developmental potential, causing the
possible fate of each cell to become more limited as the embryo develops.
A
B
C
D
E
8
B
C
D
E
Differentiated cells in plants generally cannot develop into multiple cell
types.
Differentiated cells in animals generally cannot develop into multiple cell
types.
Differentiation does not necessarily involve irreversible changes in the DNA
of an organism.
Differences between cells arise during development as regulatory
mechanisms turn specific genes on and off.
Differences between cells in a multicellular organism come almost entirely
from differences in gene expression.
In plants, mature cells can dedifferentiate and give rise to all the specialized cell types of
the mature organism. Such cells are said to be
A
B
C
D
E
10
Determination
Morphogenesis
Cell differentiation
Homeotic regulation
Determinate growth
Which of the following statements about differentiation is FALSE?
A
9
cell differentiation never stops.
cell differentiation is rarely permanent.
once a structure develops, it cannot reverse its path.
growth and morphogenesis continue throughout the life of the plant.
chemical signals play a much greater role than in animal development.
totipotent.
pluripotent.
ultrapotent.
multipotent.
megapotent.
What characteristics set animal stem cells apart from other cells?
A
B
C
D
E
They are able to replenish their own population.
They are able to generate cells that travel down various differentiation
pathways.
They contain different sets of chromosomes than other cells in the animal's
body.
Both A and B
Both A and C
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Chapter 21 Review
11
In animals, embryonic stem cells differ from adult stem cells in that
A
B
C
D
E
12
Which of the following serve as sources of developmental information for the cells of an
embryo?
A
B
C
D
E
13
E
are found only in Drosophila and other arthropods.
specify the anterior-posterior axis for each fruit fly segment.
create the basic subdivisions of the anterior-posterior axis of the fly embryo.
are responsible for the programmed cell death occurring during
morphogenesis.
encode transcription factors that control the expression of genes responsible
for specific anatomical structures.
Which of the following statements concerning homeotic genes is FALSE?
A
B
C
D
E
15
signal molecules produced by neighboring cells
cytoplasmic determinants produced before fertilization
ubiquitous enzymes such as DNA polymerase and DNA ligase
A and B only
A, B, and C
Homeotic genes
A
B
C
D
14
embryonic stem cells have more genes than adult stem cells.
embryonic stem cells have fewer genes than adult stem cells.
embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, and adult stem cells are totipotent.
embryonic stem cells are totipotent, and adult stem cells are pluripotent.
embryonic stem cells are localized to specific sites within the embryo,
whereas adult stem cells are spread throughout the body.
They were first identified in Drosophila by Edward Lewis.
A mutation may cause alterations in the identity of body segments.
They are found in all animals, but nothing like them exists in plants.
A specific 180-nucleotide DNA sequence is common to all of the genes.
The peptide gene product is a regulatory protein that controls transcription.
Human gonads begin as undifferentiated organs that can form either an ovary or a testis.
The formation depends on the hormonal signals that control the growth and change of
some cells and the death of others. According to this description, the development of
gonads in humans must involve
A
B
C
D
E
mitosis.
apoptosis.
cell differentiation.
A and B only
A, B, and C
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Chapter 21 Review
Page 4
Answer Key : Chapter 21 Review
Question:
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2
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5
6
7
8
9
10
11
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14
15
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Answer
E
E
B
E
D
D
A
A
A
D
D
D
E
C
E