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WW Lesson 3 Study Guide
Name ___________________________
Date _______________ Pd. _________
Lesson 3.1- Why There Are Differences in Precipitation
Use the data and maps from pages 130 -133 to make the following observations.
1. Which half of the United States experienced more precipitation annually? ____EASTERN HALF______
2. Where was the lowest precipitation annually? ___IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN AND CENTRAL PLAIN STATES_________
3. Complete this statement. In general, total annual precipitation __INCREASE___ as you move from west to east.
Lesson 3.2- Where Does Rain Come From?
In this section, we completed the water cycle simulation.
1. The lamp represented the ____THE SUN______
2. The water represented the ____THE OCEAN______
3. The ice represented the _____THE COLD UPPER ATMOSPHERE______
4. What was the purpose of the ice? _CREATES A REGION THAT IS COLDER THAN THE WARMER AIR INSIDE ___
Why is the ice so important to this simulation? _______ W/OUT THE ICE IT WOULD NOT BE COLD ENOUGH TO
CHANGE FROM WATER VAPOR TO LIQUID ____________________________________________________
What causes a change of state in matter? ___________THERMAL ENERGY __________
The sun transfers energy through what process? _________RADIATION_______
Describe what happened when enough energy was transferred to the water. ______THE MOLECULES OF WATER BEGAN
TO MOVE FAST ENOUGH TO LEAVE THE LIQUID STATE AND BECOME A GAS (WATER VAPOR) ___________
Describe what happened to the thermal energy of the water vapor when it came into contact with the lid (cloud). ___
______THERMAL ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED FROM THE WATER VAPOR OF THE COLD PART OF THE LID, SO THE
MOLECULES OF THE WATER VAPOR LOWED DOWN B/C OF THE DECREASE IN THERMAL ENERGY. WATER VAPOR
BECAME LIQUID AGAIN. ____
Lesson 3.3- How Does the Sun’s Energy Cause Rain?
1. How do the three states of water change with the absorption of thermal energy?__ the arrangement and speed of
the particles changes _____
2. Describe the characteristics, arrangement, and movement of particles in each state of matter. Draw the particles in
each state.
Solid: ___very close together, fixed position, only move one way
have a definite shape and volume
Liquid: __close together, move freely around each other,
has a definite volume but NO definite shape, particles move in different directions
Gas: __ very spread apart, move very fast, NO definite shape & NO definite volume,
particles move in different directions __
3. When water molecules absorb enough thermal energy, they will change from a _____LIQUID to a GAS___.
When water molecules LOSE thermal energy, they will change from a ______ GAS to a LIQUID __.
4. Describe what happens to the snowman when the sun hits it.
Radiation from the sun  warms ground  snow is warmed by
conduction snow melts into a puddle  puddle becomes warm though
conduction  molecules become warm enough gain enough energy to
escape the liquid turns from liquid to water vapor (evaporation).
Air above is heated (conduction from ground) and rises up taking the
water vapor with it through convection.
Lesson 3.4- The Water Cycle in More Detail
1. When is there more water vapor in the air? SUMMER Why? MORE DIRECT SUNLIGHT, LONGER HOURS OF DAYLIGHT
 MORE EVAPORATION WILL OCCUR
2. Label the diagram below and explain each process in detail.
(sun)
Evaporation: thermal energy is transferred to the water, molecules near the surface can
move fast enough to overcome the attraction other water molecules (think water
drop on the wax paper demo) that they escape as water vapor
Transpiration: plants release water vapor into the atmosphere, cools and condenses
Precipitation: when enough water droplets cling together and become heavy enough, they
fall to the ground as sleet, hail, rain, or snow
Sun: the driving force behind the water cycle, through radiation the ground is warmed 
ground warms the air above it (conduction)  air rises as it’s warmer through
convection
Condensation: water vapor cools as it rises into the atmosphere  turns from a gas to a
liquid forms clouds
Lesson 3.5 What Affects Precipitation Patterns?
1. Explain why there is more precipitation in the fall and winter in the northwest. __OCEANS ARE WARMER THAN THE
LAND, SO WHEN THE WARMER, MOIST AIR IS CARRIED OVER THE COLDER LAND  THE AIR COOLS AND
CONDENSES TO FORM CLOUDS AND RAIN
2. Review the diagrams below and answers to the Stop and Think/Reflect link on the web page.