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Q.NO
CBSE;Class XII;Physics;Moving Charges and Magnetism;Biot - Savarts
Law
Question
Solution
The Biot-Savart law expresses the relationship between current
and the magnetic field produced by the current. It is used to
calculate the magnetic induction at a point in the magnetic field
produced by the current.
Consider a finite, long conductor, XY, of any arbitrary shape
carrying a current I. Let P be a point in the magnetic field of the
current-carrying conductor. To determine the magnetic
induction, B, at point P due to the current-carrying conductor let
us assume the conductor is divided into a number of
infinitesimally small elements, each of length dL. First, let us
calculate the magnetic induction ‘dB’ at point P due to one such
element of the current-carrying conductor. Then, to obtain the
magnetic induction due to all the elements of the conductor, we
calculate the sum of the magnetic inductions due to all the
elements at point P.
Here, the direction of B will be perpendicular to the plane
containing dL and r and can be obtained using the right hand
screw rule.
Coulomb’s law and Biot-Savart law can be compared.
Also we have the relation c2 = 1/(𝜀0𝜇0), where c is the speed of
light in vacuum, 𝜇0 is the permeability of free space and 𝜀0 the
permittivity of free space.