Download What Objects Are Part of the Solar System?

Name ______________________________________ Date _________
What Objects Are Part of the
Solar System?
Josleen divided some of the planets into
two main groups. The table below shows
how she grouped them.
Group 1
Group 2
Mercury
Saturn
Mars
Uranus
Venus
Jupiter
Unit 2
Lesson 1 Quiz
Paul created a poster showing the solar
system. Paul’s poster is shown below.
Which two categories did Josleen most
likely use to group the planets?
planets and dwarf planets
with moons and without moons
Which of these details in Paul’s poster is
most accurate?
orbit the sun and orbit other bodies
small diameters and large diameters
the order of the planets
It is difficult to see the surface of Venus
through a telescope. Which feature of
Venus best explains why its surface is
difficult to observe from Earth?
the number of moons shown
the distances between the planets
the sizes of the planets and the sun
Ganymede is a moon of Jupiter. It is
larger than Mercury and has a metallic
core similar to Earth’s core. Which of
these statements best explains why
Ganymede is classified as a moon rather
than a planet?
It is surrounded by thick clouds.
It is covered completely by water.
It is too far from Earth to be seen.
It does not produce light of its own.
Why is the sun considered to be the
center of the solar system?
It is too large to be called a planet.
It is closer to Earth than other stars.
It orbits Jupiter instead of the sun.
The sun produces light and energy.
Its properties are different from
Jupiter.
It is farther from the sun than
Mercury.
The sun is the largest object that
can be seen.
Everything in the solar system
revolves around the sun.
Lesson Quiz
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 13
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
How Do We Observe Objects in the
Solar System?
Wanda often looks through her telescope
at the details of different bodies in our
solar system. What skill is Wanda using?
Unit 2
Lesson 2 Quiz
It is important to understand the
appropriate times, places, and methods to
make observations of space bodies, such
as the sun. Why should you never look
directly at the sun through a telescope,
binoculars, or just your eyes?
observing
concluding
experimenting
Its strong light can damage your
vision.
It is dangerous to observe such a
hot space body.
You cannot make observations of
something just by looking at it.
All astronomy observations must
be made at night when the sun goes
down.
hypothesizing
Crewless spaceships are sent to
investigate deep space and transmit their
findings back to Earth. Many carry
cameras that take detailed pictures. What
is the name for these types of space
vehicles?
constellations
space probes
A telescope is an instrument that allows
us to better see distant objects. Most
telescopes are located on Earth. Spacebased telescopes often get data that is
difficult to get using Earth-based
telescopes. What problem does an Earthbased telescope have that a space-based
telescope does not have?
satellites
space stations
Our solar system consists of eight
planets. What is a planet?
many stars held together
a rock fragment in space
Air pollution causes a major
problem for space-based
telescopes.
Earth-based telescopes are always
smaller than space-based
telescopes.
a large object in space that revolves
around a star in its own orbit
a large object in space that is
composed of gases and gives off
light
It is difficult to get clear, close-up
images of distant bodies using
space-based telescopes.
Earth-based telescopes have to look
through Earth’s atmosphere, which
reduces their power.
Lesson Quiz
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 15
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
What Are Stars and Galaxies?
There are several different types of
galaxies. How do scientists classify
galaxies?
Unit 2
Lesson 3 Quiz
The diagram below shows the Milky
Way galaxy.
by size
by shape
by temperature
by number of stars
There are many different colors of stars.
Which characteristic determines the
color of a star?
temperature
size and shape
actual brightness
Which letter best shows the location of
our solar system?
distance from Earth
W
A galaxy is composed of billions of stars
held together by gravity. The illustration
below shows one common type of
galaxy.
X
Y
Z
The sun is a medium-size star, but it
appears much larger than other stars.
Why does the sun appear to be so large?
The sun is hotter than other stars.
The sun produces more light than
other stars.
The sun is much closer to Earth
than other stars are.
The sun is affected by Earth’s
gravity more than other stars are.
What type of galaxy is shown in the
illustration?
barred spiral
elliptical
spinning
spiral
Lesson Quiz
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 15
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Unit 2
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
The Solar System and the Universe
Telescopes are useful tools for observing
objects in our solar system. When might
you use a telescope?
Unit Benchmark Test
The figure below shows the eight planets
in our solar system.
to see more detail about a small area
of the sky
to predict the position of a star
to determine the thickness of a
planet’s core
to collect a sample from a space
object
SC.5.E.5.2, SC.5.N.2.1
Which of the following planets has a large
solid core?
Jupiter
Planets are classified as either inner
planets or outer planets based on their
distance from the sun. What is found
between the inner planets and the outer
planets?
Mercury
Neptune
Saturn
SC.5.E.5.2
asteroids
Li-Chen is creating a notebook with
diagrams for each of the different kinds of
galaxies.
comets
moons
stars
SC.5.E.5.2
The masses of objects in the solar system
can be reported by comparing them to the
mass of Earth. Which of these planets in
the solar system most likely has a mass
more than 300 times greater than the mass
of Earth?
Jupiter
What label should Li-Chen use for the
galaxy shown above?
elliptical galaxy
Mercury
irregular galaxy
Mars
barred spiral galaxy
Venus
normal spiral galaxy
SC.5.E.5.2
Unit Benchmark Test
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 17
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Unit 2
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
Some galaxies have symmetrical shapes.
Other galaxies look jumbled.
Each of the images below shows two stars
of the same color. Which picture and
statement is correct?
What term do astronomers use to describe
a galaxy such as the one shown in the
illustration?
barred spiral galaxy
elliptical galaxy
irregular galaxy
spiral galaxy
SC.5.E.5.1
Elliptical galaxies are brightest toward the
center. Which of these statements best
explains this observation?
The stars are evenly distributed
through the galaxy.
SC.5.E.5.1
All visible stars in the night sky are many
times larger than Earth. Why do they look
like tiny points of light?
They are moving very fast.
The center is crowded with stars, and
the number of stars decreases farther
out.
Most of the stars are near the outside
of the elliptical galaxy, with dust
clouds in the center.
The stars are spread throughout the
galaxy in bands that look like the
arms of spiral galaxies.
The atmosphere blocks most of their
light.
The stars visible at night are located
very far from Earth.
Most of the light from stars is
absorbed by galaxies, so it does not
reach Earth.
SC.5.E.5.1
SC.5.E.5.1
Unit Benchmark Test
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 18
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Unit 2
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
When compared to other stars, the sun is
not very unusual. However, the sun is very
important to humans. What makes the sun
more important than the other stars?
Unlike other stars, the sun is very
large.
When compared to other stars, the
sun is the hottest.
Unlike other stars, the sun is the right
color for living things.
When compared to other stars, the
sun is very close to Earth.
SC.5.E.5.1
While looking at the sky one night, Bevan
saw a streak of light. Bevan’s father told
him that the light was produced by a small
chunk of rock passing through Earth’s
atmosphere. Which of these terms best
describes what Bevan saw?
asteroid
comet
meteor
meteorite
SC.5.E.5.3
The picture below shows a feature known
as the Great Dark Spot.
There are two types of spiral galaxies.
What is a difference between a barred
spiral galaxy and a normal spiral galaxy?
the number of spiral arms
the shape of the galaxy’s center
the number of stars in the galaxy
the colors of the stars in the galaxy
SC.5.E.5.1
Which of these planets is shown in the
picture?
Jupiter
Which of these characteristics
distinguishes the outer planets from the
inner planets?
Neptune
Saturn
The outer planets have many moons.
The outer planets orbit in a different
direction.
The outer planets have higher
densities.
The outer planets have smaller
diameters.
Uranus
SC.5.E.5.2
Earth and Saturn are both planets orbiting
the sun. Which of these other features do
the two planets have in common?
They have a thin atmosphere.
SC.5.E.5.2
They rotate about an axis.
Their orbits are the same length.
They have about the same mass.
SC.5.E.5.2
Unit Benchmark Test
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 19
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Unit 2
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
A meteoroid is a chunk of rock traveling
through the solar system. How is a
meteorite related to a meteoroid?
A student’s model of the solar system is
shown below.
A meteorite is a meteoroid that enters
Earth’s atmosphere.
A meteorite is a meteoroid that has
broken into smaller pieces.
A meteorite is a meteoroid that is
larger in size than an asteroid.
A meteorite is a meteoroid that
reaches the surface of Earth.
SC.5.E.5.3
The diagram below shows a planet and the
sun.
Which of these objects would most likely
be found between Mars and Jupiter?
stars
asteroids
comets
dwarf planets
SC.5.E.5.3
During a visit to an observatory, Silvano
observed the moon, Venus, the sun, and
the star Sirius. Which of these objects is
outside of the solar system?
What does the arrow on the diagram
show?
how the planet rotates on its axis
Sirius
sun
Venus
moon
the gaseous nature of the planet
SC.5.N.1.2, SC.5.E.5.3
why the planet has seasons
how the planet revolves around the
sun
SC.5.E.5.2
Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as
Jovian planets because they are similar to
Jupiter. Which of these characteristics do
these three planets have in common with
Jupiter?
a large solid core
well-defined rings
a thick gaseous atmosphere
a density greater than Earth’s density
SC.5.E.5.2
Unit Benchmark Test
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 20
Grade 5 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Unit 2
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
How Does Earth Rotate and
Revolve in Space?
Scientists describe Earth as having an
imaginary line through it from pole to
pole, about which Earth spins. What is this
imaginary line called?
Gr 4 Lesson 1 Quiz
Hundreds of years ago, people observed
constellations in the night sky. How were
constellations originally named and
identified?
axis
by their brightness
equator
with latitude and longitude
plane
by their distance from Earth
satellite
by the patterns they formed in the sky
A person living on Earth sees daytime and
nighttime every 24 hr. Which of these is
responsible for changes from daytime to
nighttime on Earth?
We know that each year has four seasons:
winter, spring, summer, and fall. Why do
we have seasons?
tilt of Earth’s axis
Earth’s tilt
shape of Earth’s orbit
Earth orbiting the sun
length of a year on Earth
moon orbiting Earth
rotation of Earth about its axis
Earth rotating about its axis
Caroline looks up at the night sky on a
clear night. She is searching for patterns of
stars in the sky. What is Caroline looking
for?
planets
galaxies
Patti decided to use a basketball as a
model of Earth. She placed the ball on
the floor and then spun it. What was
Patti demonstrating with her model of
Earth?
Earth’s axis
constellations
Earth’s orbit
other planets’ moons
Earth’s rotation
Earth’s revolution
Lesson Quiz
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 13
Grade 4 • Assessment Guide • Florida
Name ______________________________________ Date _________
What Are Moon Phases?
Earth is a planet in the solar system. A
planet can have one or more moons.
What is another word that means the
same as moon?
Unit 2
Lesson 3 Quiz
From space, the surfaces of Earth and the
moon look different. How is the surface
of the moon different from the surface of
Earth?
asteroid
no air, no liquid water, craters and
mountains, rocky
air, no liquid water, craters and
mountains, not rocky
comet
satellite
star
air, liquid water, craters and
mountains, not rocky
Kashvi likes to look out the window at
the moon. She observes that it seems to
change every week. Which sentence best
explains why this happens?
air, liquid water, no craters or
mountains, rocky
One kind of modern calendar is a lunar
calendar. What is a lunar calendar based
on?
The moon moves between Earth
and the sun.
The moon rotates only once in
about a month.
The same side of the moon always
faces Earth.
The amount of the lighted part of
the moon that faces Earth changes.
phases of the moon
yearly cycle of the sun
monthly phases of the sun
daily rising and setting of the moon
Earth, the sun, and the moon all rotate.
The table below lists how long it takes
each one to complete one rotation.
People on Earth see the moon every
night. Sometimes people also see the
moon during the day. Why does this
happen?
The moon makes its own light.
The moon moves closer to Earth.
The moon is reflecting light from
Earth.
The moon is reflecting light from
the sun.
Object
Time to complete one rotation
Earth
About 24 hours
moon
About 27 days
sun
About 27 days
What can you conclude from the data in this table?
The moon spins faster than the sun.
The sun spins faster than the moon.
Both the sun and moon spin faster
than Earth.
Both the sun and moon spin more
slowly than Earth.
Lesson Quiz
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
AG 16
Grade 4 • Assessment Guide • Florida