Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Chapter 1 –Age of Exploration Chapter 1
Document related concepts
Transcript
Slide 1 Chapter 1 –Age of Exploration 950 A.D. –Vikings Eric the Red Red hair & red temper (killed a man in Iceland) Cast off the island Settled Greenland Called it Greenland to attract settlers Set up a city called Vinland No one knows why they left Discovery of North America was lost! Many scientists believe that Chinese and Polynesian explorers came to America Slide 2 Chapter 1 –Age of Exploration One Great Chinese explorer was Zheng He in 1405 to 1433 He commanded seven voyages He built a ship 5 times bigger than European ships In the Middle Ages, Portugal was the Shipping Capital of the World Prince Henry “The Navigator” Set up a school for sailing and exploring Everyone wanted to get to India for spices –preserve meat Slide 3 Chapter 1 –Age of Exploration Christopher Columbus Went to Portugal to be funded Told his theory of world sizes Portugal laughed at him He then went to Spain & only Queen Isabella would listen He said he was inspired of God Queen Isabella made a promise to God to spread Christianity if He helped Spain get rid of the Moors (Muslims) She thought Columbus was Pious Extreme devotion to religion (religious person) Isabella sold her own jewelry to rent three small ships Nina, Pinta, & Santa Maria . Came back with Silk In 1497, Vasco da Gama sails around Africa & gets to India In 1497, John Cabot (England) explored the Northern USA & Canada similar places as the Vikings America is named after him Many Spanish conquistadors became explorers Cape of Good Hope In 1502 Amerigo Vespucci explored America & helped prove that it was not India ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Spain’s elite military soldiers In 1513 Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed the Americas through Panama -Isthmus is a small strip of land connecting two larger pieces of land together ___________________________________ ___________________________________ In 1325, Marco Polo was first European to Mongolia, China, & India by land ___________________________________ Columbus did 4 trips to America Chapter 1 –Age of Exploration ___________________________________ Columbian Exchange –the exchange of ideas and goods between Indians & Europeans Isabella kept her promise to spread Christianity ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 4 ___________________________________ He kept two different captain logs one true –for records one false –to keep sailors from being scared The men were afraid of sea monsters ___________________________________ Came on Long Boats: long narrow shallow haul boat that can move quickly Had a son named Leif Eric’s Son (Leif Ericson) 1001 A.D. Leif explored northern part of North America ___________________________________ 19 miles wide Found the Pacific Ocean (named Peaceful) ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 5 Chapter 1 –Early Explorers In 1513 Juan Ponce de Leon went searching for the Fountain of Youth & discovered Florida In 1519 Ferdinand Magellan First to circumnavigate the world (sail around the world 1519, 5 ships and 260 men Names Cape Horn around South America Magellan was killed in the Philippines 18 of his crew finished the voyage & gave Magellan the credit In 1530-40 Hernando de Soto helped Pizarro conquer the Incas Explored Florida & discovered the Mississippi River In 1539 Francisco Coronado crossed the Southwest looking for the Seven Cities of Gold City of Cibola Some of his horses escape & become wild mustangs Slide 6 Chapter 1 –Early Explorers 1534-42 Jacques Cartier from France tried to find a north passage to Asia around Canada Discovered Quebec Canada speaks English & French 1577 Sir Francis Drake England’s Pirate to get Spanish gold England’s Pirates are called “Sea Dogs” 1609 Henry Hudson sailed for the Dutch Tried to find a Northwest Passage around America Found Hudson Bay Crew mutinied on him & set him & his son in a rowboat in the bay & he was never seen again Slide 7 Chapter 1 -Early Spanish Cities 1565, St. Augustine, FL First settled European colony in America The area was first explored by Juan Ponce de Leon in 1513 Earlier attempts to settle in the U.S. by the French & Spain failed 1607, Santa Fe, NM Spanish meaning “Holy Faith” It was the Spanish capital of New Spain ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Utah was part of New Spain Mexico City was the capital of Mexico Slide 8 Chapter 1 –English Colonies 1585 Roanoke, North Carolina ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Sir Walter Raleigh & 117 people Not enough supplies Some went home & some stayed When they came back the city was barren & nothing moved “Croatoan” nearby island ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Called the “Lost Colony” 1606 Jamestown, Virginia Named after the late Virgin Queen Elizabeth Leader was Captain John Smith Military Man Native Americans invited him to dinner Hope was to beat him to death Pocahontas begged daddy don’t kill him ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 9 Chapter 1 –English Colonies John Smith made the people of Jamestown work 1608 first women to arrive They only wanted to hunt for gold You don’t work you don’t eat “Mistress Forrest” & her maid Anne Burras 1619 over 100 women sent 1624 the odds were 300 women to 1000 men 1619 Jamestown needed workers for the tobacco fields Some of the first black slaves to America Native Americans died too easy Slide 10 Jamestown ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 11 Jamestown ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 12 Jamestown ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 13 ___________________________________ Henricus Settled in 1611 (second permanent English Colony) Settled to be a secure & healthy colony Place where Pocahontas stayed when she was kidnapped Converted to Christianity & fell in love with John Rolfe here ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 14 ___________________________________ Henricus ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 15 Slavery Gets Started in New England Southern USA had farming needed slaves North had religious groups settle Came during the Protestant Reformation Opposed to slavery Separatists Puritans Quakers ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Middle colonies Catholics ___________________________________ Triangular Trade ___________________________________ Middle Passage Slide 16 Slavery in America Muslim merchants and Western European nations set up posts along western Africa. Coastal Africans would raid the interior and sell their captives for guns, ammunition, and other supplies. From these posts, the captured Africans would be sent to the Americas. First enslaved Africans arrive in Virginia in 1619. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 17 The Middle Passage In the 1700’s, English sailors began referring to the passage of slave ships west across the Atlantic Ocean as the Middle Passage African were loaded in the ships. Slide 18 10% died because of harsh conditions The Atlantic Slave trade lasted for about 400 years, causing the death of 2 to 3 million Africans As early as 1688, Quakers in Germantown, Pennsylvania were calling for an end to slavery ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 19 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 20 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 21 Chapter 1 –English Colonies In 1620, Separatists needed to flee England’s persecution for religious freedom (became known as the Pilgrims) Came on the Mayflower Established a city called Plymouth (Plymouth Rock) Had a strong belief in education Catholics vs. the Protestants fighting Near Boston, MA Set up Harvard University Created the “Mayflower Compact” A list of rules created & signed by everyone to keep order in the colony and help with survival Voted for leaders People had a voice, not just royalty Set a precedent (a decision that is the basis of future decisions) Slide 22 Plymouth, Massachuetts Local Native Americans helped out Had a very tough winter Introduced Pilgrims to Squanto Captured by John Smith expedition & taken to England Learned to read, write, and speak some English Squanto was a good liaison between the Native Americans & Europeans A good representative for both sides Next year, the Pilgrims invited the Native Americans for a feast Native Americans about ate everything but helped each other ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________
