Download Anatomy – Histology (study of tissues) Lab

Anatomy – Histology (study of tissues) Lab
Root terms to help with the understanding of Histology
Term
Meaning
Example
Chondro
cartilage
chondrocyte (cartilage cell)
Histos
web or tissue
histology (study of tissues)
Macro
large
macrophage
(large cell that can engulf debris)
Pseudo
false
pseudostratiefied
(apparently stratified or composed of layers)
Purpose: To be able to recognize the various types of tissues and determine their
functions associating them with a specific organ.
Four main types of tissues:
1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
Procedure:
1. Be sure to understand how to operate the microscope in the lab. Always begin under
low power and switch to high power. (all drawings should be made under medium
power.)
2. Observe each of the following epithelial slides: Create a drawing of each type of
slide. (using pencil) Include the apical surface and a basement membrane when
possible. Label several nuclei.
simple squamous
simple cuboidal
simple columnar
psuedostratified ciliated columnar
stratified squamous
transitional epithelium.
3. Observe and create drawings of the following connective tissue:
a. areola connective tissue – label fibroblast, mast cells and fibers.
b. Adipose – label nucleus and cell membrane
c. Reticular – label blood cells and reticular fibers
d. Dense fibrous connective tissue – label collagen fibers and nuclei of
fibroblasts
e. Hyaline cartilage –label chondrocyte in lacunae and matrix
f. Elastic cartilage - label chondrocyte in lacunae and elastin fibers
g. Fibrocartilage – label chondrocyte in lacunae and collagen fibers
h. Compact Bone – label osteon, central canal, and osteocytes
i. Blood – label red blood cells and white blood cells.
4. Observe and create drawings of three types of muscle cells:
a. skeletal muscle – label striations and nuclei
b. cardiac muscle – label striations, nuclei and intercalated discs.
c. smooth muscle – label nuclei
5. Observe and create drawings of the following slides of nervous tissue:
a. giant multipolar neuron – label cell body and cell processes
Questions:
1. How many layers are in simple epithelium?
2. What shape are the cells that are squamous?
3. If cells have many layers, they are referred to as being _____________________.
4. The digestive tract has what kind of muscle?
5. The heart is made of what kind of muscle?
6. The muscle in your arm is composed of what kind of cell?
7. What are the three main parts of a neuron?
8. What are tissues?
9. How are epithelial tissues classified?
10. Where is ciliated epithelial found, and what role does it play?
11. What are the general structural characteristics of connective tissue? What are the
functions of connective tissues?
12. Name a connective tissue with (a) a soft fluid matrix and (b) a hard matrix.
13. What is meant by “smooth muscles are involuntary in action?”
14. Why is an elongated arrangement advantageous in muscle and nervous tissue?
15. What modifications of epithelial tissue are found in the respiratory epithelium and
what purpose do they serve?
16. Considering the location, why is a good regeneration capacity essential in epithelial
tissue?
17. What is the function of fibroblast and why are thy the most predominant cell in the
generalized connective tissue?