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C Vocabulary Connectives Noun Gender Masculine Feminine Singular Plural Verb Subject Pronoun Connectives Opinions Pienso que = I pero = but sin embargo = however think that por eso = therefore Creo que = I entonces = so believe that y = and En mi opinión = in porque = because my opinion o = or Me gusta = I like también= also No me gusta = I con= with sin=without don’t like Me encanta = I love PAST PRESENT FUTURE JUGUÉ I played JUEGO I play / I am playing Detesto/odio = I hate ¡Es genial! = it’s great! Infinitive First verb plus infinitive HICE I did Time Frame Tense Past Present Future Adjective FUI I went TUVE I had HAGO I do / I am doing VOY I go / I am going TENGO I have Openings Punctuation DOCTOR Q DETAILS OPINIONS CONNECTIVES Conjugate Verb ending P Look for the following in your written work: Spanish Key words O TENSES VOY A JUGAR I am going to play OTHER PEOPLE VOY A HACER I am going to do QUESTIONS VOY A IR I am going to go VOY A TENER I am going to have REASONS Full stop . These are used at the end of every sentence. Comma , Commas are used 1) to separate the items in a list 2) to mark the boundaries between main and subordinate clauses. Speech Marks/Quotation Marks “ ” or << >> These surround words actually spoken or exact quotations from a text. Exclamation Marks ¡! Used to emphasise something. An upside down one at the start and a normal one at the end. ¡estupendo! Question Marks ¿? Used at the beginning and end of a sentence that is a question. ¿vale? Apostrophe ’ Apostrophes are not used in Spanish. Say ‘the house of my friend’ (la casa de mi amigo) not ‘my friend’s house’ Brackets () These are used to indicate extra information within a sentence. Accents There is only one direction for accents in Spanish, they all go up from left to right á é í ó ú. The only other accent is called a tilde and goes over the ñ, it changes the sound to enye. To improve your writing you must ensure: Try these Spelling Strategies: • Spanish spelling is easy because it is phonetic. You check your work using D-O-C-T-O-R – Q Your verbs are accurate. Sentences always start with a capital letter. Sentences always end with a full stop or a question or exclamation mark; don’t forget the upside down question or exclamation mark at the beginning. Vocabulary is accurate, use a text book or dictionary. Names, places and titles have capital letters e.g. Pedro, Madrid, Señoras Thomas y Craig. In Spanish, days of the week, months and nationalities don’t have a capital letter. A variety of sentences are used – simple, compound and complex. Simple – Tengo un gato. Compound – Tengo un gato negro que detesta los perros. Complex – Tengo un gato negro que detesta los perros porque es muy tímido. Write about other people as well as yourself (nosotros fuimos al cine / él fue a Nueva York). Proof read your work aloud to ensure it makes sense. Break words into syllables (mat-e-mát-i-cas). Break words into affixes (im-posible). Look out for cognates (familia, teatro). Remember CAROLINA ! The only consonants that are ever double in Spanish are c,r,l,n. The letter h at the beginning of a word is silent, but don’t forget to write it down (hotel, hermano). The letter v sounds like a b (Vivo en York). LOOK What do marking codes mean? sp – spelling T – check verb tense op – give an opinion // -- new paragraph pp – poor presentation u – underline adj ag – check adjective agreement Watch out for Common Spelling Mistakes! In Spanish trece quince dieciséis veinte treinta madre padre ojos SAY COVER Mix-ups me/mi cuanto/cuando dos/doce bien/buen es/está WRITE CHECK