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Making the Connection
► All
matter is made up of extremely small
particles called ATOMS which are constantly
in motion.
► Beyond
the nucleus of atoms are
ELECTRONS which are negatively charged.
► Electricity
is produced when there is a flow
of CHARGE.
► Magnetic
fields are produced by the motion
of electric CHARGE.
► Atoms
of iron have moving electrons in
them which produce the moving electric
CHARGE causing a mini-magnetic field
around the atom.
► If
enough of these atoms become aligned
with each other, a magnetic DOMAIN is
created and thus a magnet.
► Electricity
and magnetism were regarded as
unrelated PHENOMENA until the nineteenth
century.
► This
changed in 1820 when a Danish
science professor, Hans Christian Oersted,
discovered a relationship between the two
when demonstrating electric currents in
front of a class of students.
► When
electric current was passed in a wire
near a magnetic COMPASS, both Oersted
and his students noticed the deflection of
the COMPASS needle.
►A
few years later, in England, Michael
Faraday demonstrated the reverse---a
magnetic field produces electricity.
►
Faraday’s discovery led to the invention of
the first electrical GENERATOR, the
magnetic dynamo.
► Once
magnets were found to exert FORCES
on current-carrying wires, this paved the
way for discoveries such as electric MOTORS
and power, telegraphs, radio, television,
stereos, ETC!
► Faraday
is considered by many as the
“father” of electricity!
Faraday’s Finest pg 14
► Electrical
generators are devices which
rotate a coil of wire in a magnetic field to
produce ELECTRICITY.
► There
are may ways the ROTOR of a
generator can be made to turn.
► Electrical
motors are very similar to
generators, except electricity is used to
make MAGNETIC fields which causes the
rotor of the motor to turn.
► A=
magnet
► B= coil
► C= rotor
► D= wires
►A
MOTOR converts electrical energy to
mechanical energy.
►A
GENERATOR converts mechanical energy
to electrical energy.
► What
are the major components of motors and
generators?
 Rotating coil or loop
 magnet
► What
are the
major
components of
speakers?
A speaker is
really just a motor
Back to Page 6
► James
Clark Maxwell realized electricity and
magnetism are different manifestations of
the same phenomena called
ELECTROMAGNETISM.
► Maxwell
produced a set of four equations
which govern every aspect of electric and
magnetic PHENOMENA.
► Perhaps
one of the most astonishing
ramifications of Maxwell’s work was that
light was an ELECTROMAGNETIC wave.
► Albert
Einstein then theorized light may be
taken to be made up of vast amounts of
packets of EM radiation.