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Extra Credit Questions
1. Which branch of government interprets laws?
2. Which branch of government carry out (enforce) laws?
3. Which branch of government passes laws?
<<<CNN QUESITIONS BY THE DOOR>>>
U.S. Constitution
“Blueprint for government”
System of Government in U.S.
FEDERALISM
power is shared between
Federal, State & local
governments
LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL
Washington D.C.
STATE
Madison, WI
LOCAL
Chippewa Falls
<<<You Must absolutely know this information>>>
1. What are the three levels of government associated with
federalism? (Federal, State, & Local)
2. What Amendment in the Bill of Rights (1st ten
Amendments) reserves powers for the states?
(10th Amendment)
3. What are the three parts to the constitution?
Preamble
Articles (7 Sections)
Amendments (27)
4. Which branch of government interprets laws? Judicial
5. Which branch of government makes laws?
Legislative
6. Which branch of government enforces laws?
Executive
Six Basic Principles of Governing
Framers wanted to divide, distribute & balance
government Power.
(PS)- Popular Sovereignty -power comes from the people!
-How?
VOTING
(LG)- Limited Government -rule of law
-Everyone subject to the same laws
(SP)- Separation of Powers
Legislative Branch/Congress
Executive Branch /President
Judicial Branch/Supreme Court
(CB)- Checks & Balances
Each branch has checks on the other
(JR)- Judicial Review
-power to determine if a law or other
government action is unconstitutional
Federalism
-governments power is divide between
Federal and State governments
-10th Amendment was passed in order
to clarify those powers that belong to
the federal government and those that
belong to state governments
U.S. CONSTITUTION
BALANCE OF POWER
LEVELS OF
GOVERNMENT
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL
LEGISLATIVE
Article I
EXECUTIVE
Article II
JUDICIAL
Article III
STATE
HOUSE OF REP.
PRESIDENT
SUPREME
COURT
SENATE
VICE
PRESIDENT
LOCAL
DIVISIONS OF POWER
FEDERALISM
power shared between
Federal, State & local
governments
FEDERAL
COURTS
CABINET
STATE COURTS
CHECKS AND BALANCES
Checks and Balances
-Congress approves
President’s Nominations
& controls the $ budget
-Courts can declare
Presidential acts
unconstitutional
-Can pass laws over Pres. Veto
-Can impeach and remove
Pres. From office
Executive Branch
-Veto laws passed by Congress
-Nominates Judges
-Courts can declare laws unconstitutional
-Senate confirms Presidents Nominations
-Congress can impeach and remove judges
from office
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
WATERGATE SCANDAL
It proved that the system of Checks and Balances Worked
When?
What?
June 17, 1972
Republican committee to reelect Richard (Tricky
Dick) Nixon’s people paid burglars to brake into
Watergate Hotel to steal campaign secrets from
Democrats
Supreme Court rules the White
Senate Watergate Committee
finds out there are tapes that
prove Nixon was involved in
cover up.
THEY DEMAND TAPES!
House belongs to the people; the
tapes in WH must be turned over
to Legislative Branch (Congress).
-Nixon claims executive
privilege
-gives transcripts to
Congress (missing some
parts) Something is fishy
Congress asks Supreme Court to rule on who owns the tapes
in Oval Office
Nixon Resigns
Review Questions
1. What Article deals with the Judicial Branch?
2. What Article deals with the legislative Branch?
3. Which Amendment reserves power to the States?
4. What are the three main parts of the Constitution?
5. How many Amendments are there in the U.S. Constitution?
6. BONUS: A person’s right to a trial is called what?
Federalism: A fragile balance
Federalism
-Powers of government distributed between the
Federal and State (local) governments.
Dilemma
(problem)
-Federal government needs sufficient power to be
effective
-must avoid infringing on state’s rights
Federal Powers
can be expanded
-Article I, Section 8, Clause 18
”Elastic Clause”
-it stretches Congress’ Power
Article VI-Supremacy Clause
-It means when state laws conflict with national
laws, the national laws are superior.
State’s Power
-10th Amendment-Reserved Powers
-What ever powers not specifically given to the
national government are reserved to the states
-Education, transportation,
marriage, running elections
Same Sex Marriage: An example of why Federalism can be
controversial
What if a state passes a law that states: “Marriage is between
a man and a women?”
10th Amendment
What Amendment says they can do this?
Currently, 25 states have a law against same sex marriage.
The state of Massachusetts passed a state law allowing
same sex couples the right to marry
What Amendment says they can do this?
10th Amendment
Congress passed DOMA in 1996 stating that marriage is
between a man and a women (That is federal law Article VI)
Aug. 2010, A Federal judge has ruled that same sex
marriage ban in California is unconstitutional because they
say it violates the 14th Amendment to the Constitution
ARTICLE I, SECTION 8, CLAUSE 18
The Congress shall have power …To make all laws
which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into
execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers
vested by this Constitution in the government of the
United States, or in any department or officer thereof.
ARTICLE VI,
"Constitution, and the Laws of the United
States … shall be the supreme Law of the
Land."
10TH AMENDMENT
The powers not delegated to the United States by the
Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are
reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
14th Amendment
“no state shall…deny to any person within its jurisdiction
the equal protection of the laws”