Download Endocrine System

By: Alexis Vallieu and Kayla Nollan
Functions of System
The Endocrine system is a system of glands,
cells, tissues and organs that secrete
hormones to sustain homeostatic levels.
Target Cells
When hormones diffuse from interstitial fluid then eventually act on
target cells within the bloodstream.
Secretion Types
 There are two different types of secretions. These
include paracrine, which effects only neighboring
cells, and autocrine, which affects the secreting cell
itself.
General Characteristics
Hormone Action
Steroid Hormones
Steroid Hormones consists of
complex rings of carbon and
hydrogen atoms. They are
insoluble in water and are carried
in the bloodstream weakly bound
to plasma proteins in a way that
allows them to be released in
decent sized quantities within the
same area as their target cells.
Nonsteroid Hormone
Nonsteroid hormones include
amines, peptides, and proteins
that usually bind to receptors in
target cell membranes. Each
receptor molecule is a protein
that consists of a binding site
and activity site.
Control of the Endocrine System
A: Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary stimulate other endocrine glands
B: Nervous system stimulates the gland directly
C: changes in the internal environment stimulate glands directly.
Pituitary Gland
It is attached to the
hypothalamus and lies in the
sella turcica of the sphenoid
bone.
Inside the Pituitary Gland
Flow of Hormones
Hormones are stimulated
in the anterior pituitary
gland which then is
released into the
bloodstream and either
goes to the target cells or
thyroid gland. From
there, thyroid hormones
go back into the
bloodstream and then go
to the target cells.
Anatomy of the Thyroid
Thyroid glands consist of two
lobes that connect in the back
of the isthmus. Follicular cells
secrete thyroid hormones,
and calcitonin is secreted
from extra follicular glands.
Gland Structure
Cortisol Secretion
Pancreas
Feedback Mechanism
Stress Response
The stress response
consist of the fight or
flight response and
the long term
adjustment response.
Nervous Vs. Endocrine
Hormone Types
Thyroid Hormones
Epinephrine vs. Norepinephrine
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