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Weather Study Guide Section 1: Vocabulary 2 points each (matching) What are all the particles of air pressing on a surface? Air pressure What is the layer of air that surrounds our planet? The atmosphere What is another name for the amount of water vapor in the air? humidity What is the name of the layer of the atmosphere closest to the Earth where most weather occurs? Troposphere Layer closes to the earth Weather happens in this layer Live and breathe air in this layer Air temperature decreases as you go higher nd 2 What is the closest layer of the atmosphere to the Earth? Stratosphere Airplanes travel in this layer to avoid bad weather Contains most of the atmosphere’s ozone Ozone protects living things from harmful rays of the sun Temperature increase with height What is the 3rd closest layer of the atmosphere to the Earth which is also the coldest layer? Mesosphere Temperature decreases with height Coldest layer of the atmosphere What is the hottest, outermost layer of the atmosphere? Thermosphere Hot, outermost layer Temperature increase quickly with height What is the way that the atmosphere traps heat to warm land and oceans called? Greenhouse Effect What are huge bodies of air called? Air Masses What do we call the place where two air masses meet? A front What are the high, wispy clouds that signal cool, fair weather? Cirrus What are the puffy clouds that often signal clear, warm days? Cumulus What are the tall, dark clouds that signal thunderstorms? Cumulonimbus Dense cumulus cloud with a hazy outline Usually producing heavy rain, thunderstorms, or hailstorms What are the low, grey clouds often occurring along warm fronts sometimes bringing rain or snow? Stratus Dark gray clouds that form a low layer Sometimes bring rain or snow showers Section 2: Science Concepts 5 points each What are the four layers of the atmosphere? The four layers of the atmosphere are: Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere What instruments do meteorologists use to forecast weather? Anemometer Measures wind speed The cups catch the wind, turning a dial attached to the instrument. The dial shows the wind speed. Barometer Measures air pressure Hygrometer Measures the amount of humidity in the air. In which layer of the atmosphere does most weather occur? troposphere What is the cloud type that usually brings heavy rain? cumulonimbus What does warm air do when affected by cooler air? Warm air can be characterized as forced upward by cooler air and it exerts low pressure. Describe the water cycle. The water cycle consists of four different events that constantly repeat themselves. (Be able to describe each one). CONGRATULATIONS!! You did it!!! If you did well on this study guide, you should do well on the test.