Download Cell Structure We will be looking at two types of cells in this unit. The

Cell Structure
We will be looking at two types of cells in this unit. The first cell is the
cell. The second type of cell is the
have little structures inside of them called
cell. Cells
. Organelles are
small structures inside the cell that each perform a specific
.
Animal and plant cells have many organelles in common, but some organelles
are unique to only animal cells and some organelles are unique to only plant cells.
Analogy – The cell can be compared to a
. Each
organelle has a different job to do to keep the cell alive, just like each part of a
city has a different job to keep the city functioning.
Cell Organelles (Both Animal and Plant Cells)
Organelle
Cell Membrane
-
Cytoplasm
-
Cytoskeleton
-
Nucleus
-
-
Purpose
A layer of fat and
protein that keeps the
cell together
A
that
has dissolved nutrients
Here nutrients are
absorbed, transported,
and
within
the cytoplasm.
All organelles are
supported in this fluid
Pieces of protein that
support the shape of
the cell and helps to
transport
and
other proteins around
the cell
A round structure that
of
the cell
Directs all of the cell’s
City Analogy
–
controls what goes in and
out of the city
City Hall – All of the
decisions about what is
going on in the cell comes
from here
Nucleolus
-
activities
A small structure
inside the nucleus that
is responsible for
Companies responsible
for building the
factories
.
Chromatin/DNA/Chromosomes
-
-
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
-
-
Ribosomes
-
-
Golgi Body
(AKA Apparatus/Complex)
-
Mitochondrion
-
Strands of genetic
material found in the
.
These strands contain
the instructions used
to make proteins
The ER is a network of
membrane where fat
and proteins are
and
are then transported
through the channels
Proteins are made by
ribosomes in the rough
ER and fats are made
in the smooth ER
Small structures that
manufacture proteins
essential for cell
and
reproduction
Either free in
cytoplasm or bound to
rough ER
Made up of sac-like
pancakes stacked on
top of each other
Golgi bodies package
and secrete
.
These organelles are
oval in shape and are
responsible for turning
Plans for making a
building or highway in
the cell
–
Road System – Allows
for
throughout
the city
–
Builds structures for the
city
Post Office – package
materials
Power Company –
Produces energy for the
city
Vacuole
-
the food that we eat
(glucose) into
.
Stores water, food and
wastes
stores materials needed
by the city
Animal Cells
Animal cells have all of the structures listed above. They also have two more
organelles that are found only in animal cells.
Organelle
Purpose
Lysosome
-
Centrioles
-
unwanted
material and waste in
the cell
Used in the
process
of the cell
City Analogy
Garbage Truck – Pick up
the garbage and get rid
of it
–
Plant Cells
Plant cells have three unique structures as well.
Organelle
Cell Wall
-
Central Vacuole
-
Chloroplast
-
Purpose
Surrounds the cell
membrane
Helps the cell keep its
City Analogy
Cement Wall – Surrounds
the city
.
Stores water to help
the cell keep its shape
An oval structure that
turns
into
energy (sugar = food)
.
Solar Power Plant – uses
the sun’s energy to
produce power for the
city.