Download Behaviorism - WordPress.com

BEHAVIORISM
A.J. Covell, Stephanie Jobe, Laura Lumb,
Shannon Monteiro, Jonathan White
WHAT IS IT?
Laura
BEHAVIORISM IS…
The belief that
“people’s behaviors
are largely the result
of their experiences
with environmental
stimuli (Ormrod,
2011, p. 286)
 Special definition of
learning



Visible
Stimulus/Response
association
KEY TERMS!!
STIMULUS/RESPONSE
CONDITIONING
CONTIGUITY
CLASSIC CONDITIONING
INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING
GENERALIZATION
EXTINCTION
REINFORCER (POSITIVE AND
NEGATIVE)
PUNISHMENT (PRESENTATION AND
REMOVAL)
ENCOURAGING POSITIVE
BEHAVIOR
Jonathan
ENCOURAGING PRODUCTIVE
BEHAVIORS
Terminal Behavior- Form and
frequency of a desired response that a
teacher hope to foster through
reinforcement
B.F. Skinner
USING REINFORCEMENT
EFFECTIVELY
•Specify desired behaviors at the beginning.
•Make sure that all students regularly receive reinforcement for desired
behaviors.
•Use extrinsic reinforces only when desired behaviors will not otherwise
occur.
•Determine whether particular “reinforcers” are truly reinforcing for
students.
USING REINFORCEMENT
EFFECTIVELY (CONT.)
•Make response-consequence contingencies explicit.
•When you want to encourage the same behavior in a group of
students, consider using a group contingency.
•Administer reinforcement consistently until a desired behavior
occurs at a desired rate.
•Once a behavior is well established, wean students from
extrinsic reinforcement, but do so very gradually.
SHAPING NEW BEHAVIORS
Shaping- Process of reinforcing successively closer and closer
approximations to a desired terminal behavior
1) Reinforce any response that in some way resembles the terminal
behavior.
2) Reinforce a response that more closely approximates the
terminal behavior (while no longer reinforcing the previously
reinforced response).
3) Reinforce a response that resembles the terminal behavior even
more closely.
4) Continue reinforcing closer and closer approximations to the
terminal behavior.
5) Reinforce only the terminal behavior.
DISCOURAGING NEGATIVE
BEHAVIOR
Stephanie
DISCOURAGING NEGATIVE
BEHAVIOR

Encourage Extinction

Cues for Inappropriate Behavior

Reinforce Alternative/Incompatible Behavior

Use Punishment when Necessary
STRATEGIES FOR PARTICULARLY
DIFFICULT BEHAVIOR

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Functional Analysis

Positive Behavioral Support (PBS)
SCENARIOS, PROS & CONS
A.J. & Shannon
SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION OF
SCENARIOS


What would a behaviorist do in this situation?
What do you think of the pros and cons of
behaviorism in regards to your scenario?
WHAT DO WE THINK?



How does your scenario compare to others?
What are the overall pros and cons of
behaviorism?
How should it be used and when should it be
avoided?
IMAGES OBTAINED FROM:












http://www.jsu.edu/depart/psychology/sebac/Lab-People/jpeg/chamber1.jpg
http://trtrifilo.com/SoftChalk%20Lessons/Learning_styles/behaviorism.jpg
http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/images/stimresp.jpg
http://artfiles.art.com/5/p/LRG/26/2629/KK6MD00Z/tim-laman-pair-ofmandarinfish-swim-close-together-prior-to-spawning-malapascua-islandphilippines.jpg
http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/article
s/health_tools/is_my_dog_normal_slideshow/jiu_rf_photo_of_drooling_chocolate
_lab.jpg
http://lindseyreadenobles.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/istock_000002580646sm
all.jpg
http://www.deaddino.org/storage/DeadDinosaurLOGO2.jpg
http://hayjax.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/shiningtwins.jpg
http://www.goprintgo.co.uk/images/sticke.jpg
http://www.shermgrafik.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/8baeded0.gif
http://cientifica.eu/blog/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/dunce.png
http://media.photobucket.com/image/lollipop/manderz-rox_09/lollipop-1.png
WORKS CITED
Steele, M.M. (2005, April 30). Teaching Students
With Learning Disabilities: Constructivism Or
Behaviorism? Current Issues in Education [Online], 8(10). Available:
http://cie.ed.asu.edu/volume8/number10/
 http://www.scumdoctor.com/psychology/behaviori
sm/How-Education-Uses-Behaviorism.html
