Download Exam I Sample Questions

General Biology: Exam I Sample Questions
1.
How many electrons are required to fill the valence shell of a neutral atom with an atomic number
of 24?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2.
0—the atom is inert
1
2
4
6
In regards to the fluid mosaic model, which of the following is TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3.
Transmembrane proteins are classified as peripheral proteins
Molecules that comprise the membrane can readily move from the intracellular to the
extracellular surface
Phospholipid molecules spam from the intracellular to the extracellular surface
Fatty acids attached to glycerol are found in the same region of the membrane as
hydrophobic regions of transmembrane proteins
None of the above is TRUE
In regards the characteristics and properties of water, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Water has four valence orbitals
Two of water’s orbitals have unshared pairs of electrons
Oxygen electrons that are shared with hydrogen are statistically more likely to be found in
hydrogen’s 1S orbital
All of water’s valence orbitals carry weak charges
C&D
Use the following table to answer Questions 4 – 5.
1
2
3
4
4.
Glucose
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Frutose-6-phosphate
Pyruvate
Glucose-6-phosphate
Frutose-1,6-bisphosphate
Acetyl CoA
Citrate
For the respiration reactions that form the compounds listed above, which require ATP to be
hydrolyzed (spent)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
5.
5
6
7
8
2, 5 & 6
2, 3, 5 & 6
3, 5 & 6
5&6
5, 6 & 7
For the respiration reactions that form the compounds listed above, which produce NADH?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4, 7 & 8
5, 7 & 8
7&8
7 only
None of the above
6.
All of the following are properties of chemical bonds EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
7.
Of the following, which permit cytoplasms of neighboring cells to be in contact?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
8.
Activation energy decreases
Free energy is released
Endergonic reactions may be driven
A&B
B&C
In regards to membrane transport, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
11.
Condensation reactions between monosaccharides form glycosidic linkages
Condensation reactions between amino acids form peptide bonds
Condensation reactions between glycerol and fatty acid residues form thiol bonds
Lipids are water insoluble
Nucleic acids are polymers formed through condensation reactions linking nucleotides
Of the following, which may result when a phosphate bond in ATP is hydrolyzed?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
10.
Plasmodesmota
Gap junctions
Desmosomes
A&B
B&C
In regards to macromolecules, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
9.
Atoms differing in valence will also differ in the number of covalent bonds they form
Electrons in polar covalent bonds are statistically more likely to be found with the atom
with higher electronegativity
Ionic bonds result from electrostatic attraction between atoms sharing electrons
Van der Waals forces are weak interactions
A&B
Both exocytosis and endocytosis involve the movement of large particles
Clathrin selectively binds extra-cellular materials during receptor mediated endocytosis
Endocytosis is an active transport process
The movement of soluble materials into cells is known as pinocytosis
A&C
Hypotheses have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
A.
Hypotheses are the best possible explanation for an observation
B.
An experimental hypothesis can be proven when there is a low probability of the null
hypothesis being true
C.
Hypotheses must be testable
D.
A&B
E.
B&C
Use the information in the following graph to answer Question 12
12.
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The independent variable is a continuous variable
The dependent variable is “Plant Growth”
The data supports the view that plant growth increases with amount of fertilizer
The experiment is an example of correlational research
C&D
13.
The atomic and mass number nomenclature for the hypothetical element genbiolinium, symbol
Gb, is 250501Ap. The atom is neutral. All of the following are true of genbiolinium EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
14.
The hypothetical element “GBomnium” has a charge of -2 and the following mass and atomic
numbers: 38GB and 20GB. All of the following are characteristics of “GBomnium” EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
15.
It has more electrons than neutrons
It has the same number of protons and neutrons
It has more neutrons than protons
A&B
B&C
“GBomnium” has 20 neurons
“GBomnium” has more electrons than protons
“GBomnium” has more protons than neutrons
A&C
A, B & C
All of the following are functions of membrane proteins EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Enzymatic activity along the membranes surface
Transmission of information into the cell
Selective transport of lipid soluble molecules
Recognition of foreign cells and material
Anchoring cells to the extra-cellular matrix
16.
All of the following are properties of amino acids EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
17.
Which of the following determines enzyme specificity?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
18.
Molecular composition of the reactants
Molecular composition of the products
Physical characteristics of the active site
Physical characteristics of the allosteric site
Physical characteristics of the enzyme-substrate complex
Of the following, which best describes enthalpy in terms of biological systems?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
19.
Most amino acids have a central carbon bonded to four other atoms
All amino acids have at least one carboxyl group
Peptide bonds result when the amino group of one amino acid bonds with the central
carbon of a neighboring amino acid
Properties of amino acid are determined by the physical properties of the R-group
In biological systems, the amino group may ionize to form a cation
Enthalpy is the amount of heat lost as bonds are broken and formed during metabolic
processes
Enthalpy is the total energy available to do metabolic work
Enthalpy is the total potential energy stored in the molecules that comprise life
Enthalpy is a set of metabolic reactions that degrade biological molecules
Enthalpy is a set of metabolic reactions that synthesize biological molecules
Of the following, which best explains why water has a high heat of vaporization?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Sufficient energy must be added to break hydrogen bonding between neighboring water
molecules before its state can change from liquid to gas
Sufficient energy must be added to redistribute electrons from the oxygen molecule to the
hydrogen molecules of the water molecules before its state can change from liquid to gas
Sufficient energy must be added to break hydrogen bonding between neighboring water
molecules in order to raise the kinetic energy of the water molecules
Sufficient energy must be added to redistribute electrons from the oxygen molecule to the
hydrogen molecules of the water molecules in order to raise the kinetic energy of the water
molecules
None of the above is true
Use the following list to answer Questions 20 - 21.
1
2
3
4
20.
Amino
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
Hydroxyl
Two ATP are produced per pyruvate molecule formed during glycolysis
Two carbon dioxides are produced per pyruvate molecule formed during glycolysis
One FADH2 is produced per pyruvate molecule formed during glycolysis
Three NADH are produced per pyruvate molecule formed during glycolysis
Oxaloacetate is both a reactant and product
All of the following are characteristics of a thiol EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
24.
2&3
2, 3 & 6
1, 2 & 3
1, 2, 3 & 6
1, 5 & 7
All of the following are characteristics of the TCA cycle EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
23.
1, 2, 3, 4 & 6
2, 3 & 4
4&6
5 only
5&7
Of the functional groups listed above, which double bonds?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
22.
Methyl
Phosphate
Sulfhydryl
Of the functional groups listed above, which are classified as non-polar?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
21.
5
6
7
Thiols include a sulfhydryl functional group
Thiols include a functional groups that has sulfur double-bonded to an oxygen
Thiols may have disulfide bridges
Thiols have a functional group that is non-polar
B&D
A solution has a pH of 5. How many more times H+ ions are there than OH- ions in the
solution?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2.2
4
100
10,000
Cannot be determined from this information
25.
In regards to the three-dimensional distribution of electrons around the nucleus, which of the
following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
26.
Which of the following events determines the effect that a signaling molecule has on target cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
27.
c.
d.
e.
The sequence of amino acids in the peptide backbone is coded for by mRNA
Secondary structure is determined by interactions between amino acids in the peptide
backbone
Tertiary protein structure requires interactions between two or more peptide chains
Quaternary protein structure results from folding within the peptide backbone
C&D
All of the following are characteristics of enzymes EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
30.
Direct phosphorylation of ATP
Energy captured in the formation of NADH during glycolysis
Energy captured in the formation of FADH2 during the TCA cycle
Energy captured in the formation of NADH during the TCA cycle
Energy captured in the formation of NADH when acetyl CoA is formed
All of the following are characteristics of protein organization EXCEPT:
a.
b.
29.
Hydrophobic domain of the transmembrane protein
Chemical composition of the signaling molecule
Receptors on the target cells
Intracellular transduction mechanisms
C&D
Most of the ATP produced in aerobic respiration comes from which of the following sources?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
28.
For an electron to be in the 2S orbital, the 1S orbital must be full
To move from a lower orbital to a higher orbital, potential energy must be lost
For an atom to be inert, the valence shell must be complete
An atom with two electrons in its 2pz will have different properties than an atom with one
A&D
Most enzymes can repeatedly function in a chemical reaction
Enzymes reduce the free energy necessary to start a chemical reaction
Most enzymes are made from protein
Many enzymes need additional chemical cofactors to be active
Enzyme effectiveness requires optimum temperature and pH
In regards to the physical properties of water, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Because of its cohesive behavior, water has more structure than other molecules
Because of its high specific heat, water has higher kinetic energy than other molecules
Because of its high heat of vaporization, it takes more potential energy to change liquid
water into the gaseous state
Because water molecules are maximally separated in the solid form, water has a lower
density in its solid form than most other molecules
B&C
31.
Which of the following respiration processes DOES NOT occur in the mitochondria?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
32.
Of the following, which best describes why certain types of metabolic reactions are classified as
anaerobic?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
33.
e.
Many of the components act as proton pumps
Protons accumulate in the inter-membrane space
The diffusion of protons into the inner mitochondrial space catalyzes ATP formation
The electrons passed through the electron transport chain cause the hydrolysis of water to
form oxygen
Oxygen acts as the terminal electron acceptor
Atom A and B have the same number of valence electrons. Which of the following best
describes the bonds formed by these atoms?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
35.
The reactions use nutrients other than glucose
The reactions use terminal electron acceptors other than oxygen
The reactions do not include glycolytic reactions
The reactions do not include TCA cycle reactions
The reactions do not include electron transport
In regards to electron transport, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
34.
ATP storage
Formation of acetyl CoA
TCA cycle
Chemiosmosis
Electron transport
A and B form covalent bonds
A and B form ionic bonds
A and B form polar covalent bonds
A and B form the same type of bonds
A and B form different types of bonds
All of the following are characteristics of chemical reactions EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The products of an endergonic reaction have a higher total free energy than the reactants
Exergonic reactions occur spontaneously
Oxidative reactions result in the net gain of energy
Reduction involves the net gain of electrons
Most cellular reactions never reach equilibrium