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Chemistry Unit Test Study Guide Key Vocabulary 1) atom 2) compound 3) period 4) neutralization 5) subscript 6) chemical formula 7) chemical reaction 8) conservation of mass 9) reactant 10) product 11)chemical equation 12) coefficient 13) proton 14) neutron 15) electron 16) ionic bond 17) covalent bond Content 1) difference between an element and compound – A compound is made of one or more elements that are bonded together; An element is a pure, single substance made of one type of atom. 2) examples of compounds – CO2, C6H12O6, NaCl, N2, O2, Fe2O3, H2O 3) where metals and nonmetals are found on the periodic table – Metals are to the left of the zig-zag line; Non-metals are to the right. 4) examples of physical and chemical properties – Physical Properties: Luster; Hardness; Color; Conductivity; Density; Malleable; Ductile; States of Matter; Boiling Point. Chemical: Ability to rust; Ability to Burn. 5) examples of physical changes – Breaking glass; melting ice; Cutting; Boiling 6) difference between physical and chemical changes – In a physical change, nothing new is formed. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed. 7) what it means if elements are in the same family/group – They have similar properties. 8) how to find elements on the periodic table – You can use the group and period that the element is in, it’s atomic number, or it’s atomic mass. 9) examples of heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures – heterogeneous: trail mix; chex mix; salad; fruit cups; skittles; Italian salad dressing. Homogeneous: Blood, air, salt water, coffee, sweet tea, kool aid. 10) properties of acids – Sour taste; pH below 7; Corrode metals; React with bases 11)properties of bases – Bitter taste; slippery; pH above 7; react with acids 12) pH scale - what is it and what does it tell us – tells how strongly acidic or basic or neutral a substance is. A scale from 0-14. 13) what it means when an equation is “balanced” – The number of atoms and types of atoms are the same on both sides. 14) symbols for common elements – see your study guide for quiz 2 15) formula for salt, sugar, and oxygen gas – Salt NaCl; Sugar C6H12O6; Oxygen O2 16) structure of chemical equations – reactants products (includes formula, coefficients, and subscripts) 17) where protons, neutrons (nucleus), and electrons (surrounding shells) are found in atoms 18) what information can you find in each block of the periodic table – atomic number, symbol, element name, atomic mass 19) balancing equations – see worksheet 20) how balanced equations support the law of conservation of mass – The laws says that no matter can be created or destroyed. Therefore, each side of the equation must be the same. 21) two differences between ionic (electrons are taken from metals and given to non-metal) and covalent (shared between non-metals) bonds 22) using subscripts to find the number of atoms – The subscript gives you the number of atoms of the element it comes directly after. H2O has 2 hydrogen atoms. 23) formula for volume – L x W x H 24) formula for density and units – M/V with g/mL for units 25) how to know if an object will float or sink – It will float if its density is less than the liquid. It will sink if its density is more than the liquid.