Download Fertilisation, development and DNA

Fertilisation, Development and DNA
Self Review – What I need to learn
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I can state that human males produce sex cells called sperm and human females produce sex
cells called eggs.
I can label and describe the structures and functions of the main parts of the reproductive
organs i.e. ovary, testes, vagina, penis, uterus, oviduct and sperm.
I can state that both sex cells only contain half the genetic information of a normal body cell.
I can describe the fertilization process as the fusing of an egg and a sperm so it has a
complete set of genetic information to make a complete individual.
I can describe how a fertilised egg divides to form 2 cells; they divide to form 4 cells and so
on until you have a ball of cells called an embryo.
I can describe how cells in different regions become specialised and form different organs
with specific functions.
I can label and describe the functions of the: placenta, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord.
I can state that food and oxygen pass across the placenta into the blood of the foetus.
I can state that waste and carbon dioxide pass from the foetus through the placenta to the
blood of the mother.
I can explain how toxins can travel through the placenta along the umbilical cord to the
embryo/foetus.
I can explain how the embryo is more sensitive to damage than an adult.
I can describe how some toxins such as cigarette smoke, alcohol and some drugs can harm a
developing foetus.
I can describe how some viruses can cause damage to a developing embryo e.g.
german measles.
I can state that DNA contains the instructions for life and reproduction.
I can state that DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell.
I can describe how genes control specific characteristic in an individual.
I can state that a gene is a piece of DNA.
I can demonstrate how DNA can be isolated in soft fruit.
I can explain that every individual has a unique combination of genes.
I can explain that DNA profiling is a way of analysing DNA to see a unique pattern for an
individual.
I can describe the applications of DNA profiling, including testing for the inheritance of
genetic disease, paternity tests and in forensics.
I can discuss and debate the ethical implications of collection, processing, storage, and
ownership of genetic information or DNA profiles.