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EC643
Optical Networks
3-0-0; Credit: 3; Lectures- 42
PREREQUISITE
 Optical Fiber Communication
 Computer Networks
COURSE OBJECTIVE
 To learn the fiber optical network components, variety of networking aspects, SONET/SDH and
operational principles OF WDM.
 To acquire in-depth understanding of various optical networks technologies, systems, and related
networks issues.
 To learn about Network management and access networks.
 To provide the understanding of photonic packet switching.
COURSE CONTENT
Unit-I:
Introduction to Optical Networks
Unit-II:
Optical Components:
Couplers, Isolators & Circulators, Multiplexers & Filters (Grating, Fiber Bragg Grating,
Fabry-Perot Filters, Dielectric filters, Acousto-optic filter, etc.), Some Optical Amplifiers
(Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers, Raman Amplifiers, Semiconductor Optical
Amplifiers), Switches (Large Optical Switches, Optical Switch Technologies, Large
Electronic Switches), and Wavelength Converters (Opto-electronic Approach, Optical
Gating, Interferometric Techniques, Wave-Mixing).
Unit-III:
Transmission System (Design of Physical Layer of Optical Network)
System Model, Power Penalty (Transmitter & Receiver), Optical Amplifiers (Gain
saturation and equalization in EDFAs, Amplifier cascading, Amplifier spacing penalty,
Power Transients & Automatic Gain Control, Lasing Loops), Crosstalk (Intra-channel
and Inter-channel Crosstalk, Crosstalk in Networks, Crosstalk Reduction, Cascaded
Filters), Dispersion (Chromatic Dispersion Limits: NRZ & RZ Modulation, Dispersion
Compensation, Polarization-Mode Dispersion (PMD)), Fiber Nonlinearities, Wavelength
Stabilization.
Unit-IV:
Optical Network Architectures
SONET / SDH (Multiplexing, VCAT & LCAS, Layers and Frame structures,
SONET/SDH Physical Layer, Infrastructure elements), Optical Transport Network,
Generic Framing Procedure, Ethernet (Frame structure, Switches, Physical layer, Carrier
transport), Internet Protocol, Multi-Protocol Label Switching, Resilient Packet Ring.
Unit-V:
Wavelength Routing Networks
WDM Network Elements (Optical-Line Terminals & Amplifiers, Optical Add/Drop
Multiplexers, Optical Cross-connects), WDM Network Design (Cost Trade-Offs,
Wavelength-Routing Network Design & Problems, Statistical Dimensioning Models)
Unit-VI:
Photonic Packet Switching and Access Network
Optical Time Division Multiplexing (Bit & Packet Interleaving, Optical AND Gates),
Synchronization, Header Processing, Buffering, Burst Switching, Testbeds and Access
Networks.
Unit-VII:
Network Management And Survivability
Control and Management (Network Management Functions, Configuration management,
Performance & Fault management, Optical safety), Network Survivability (Protection in
SONET / SDH and IP Networks, Optical layer Protection, Interworking between layers).
TEXT BOOKS
1. Rajiv Ramaswami, Kumar N. Sivarajan, and Galen H. Sasaki, "Optical Networks: A Practical
Perspective", Third Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 2010.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Biswanath Mukherjee, “Optical WDM Networks”, Springer, 2006.
2. Siva Ram Moorthy and Mohan Gurusamy, “WDM Optical Networks : Concept, Design and
Algorithms”, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.
3. John M. Senior, "Optical Fiber Communications" 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2009
4. Paul Eliot Green, "Fiber Optic Networks", Prentice Hall, 1993.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Students would be able to –
CO1: Get a basic understanding of physical properties of optical networks and protocols.
CO2: Acquire a profound understanding of optical switching methods & networking techniques, etc.
CO3: Define the main limitations and possibilities of the optical network technologies
CO4: Design optical networks, taking both physical transmission properties and optical
networking constraints into account.
CO5:
Explain the benefits of optical layer survivability and the main issues in management and
control of optical networks