Download ASP flash card 1

The abbreviation CTD stands for?
Cumulative Trama Disorders
(occupational ergonomics)
About 30% of sprinkler system
failures are caused by?
Closed water supply valves.
According to NFPA, there are two
methods of calculating exit width which
are as follows:
1. Flow method
2. Capacity method.
Acetylene is which type of gas?
Flammable.
Agglutination of bacteria and
precipitation of soluble antigens are
other outcomes of what reaction?
Neutralization of toxins which is one of
the major results when antibodies react
with antigens.
Air purifying respirators remove the
contaimnents from the air through the process of
absorption which is the removal of what?
One or more componets of a
gaseous mixture on a solid bed.
All matter is made up of?
Atoms
Almost all of the mass of an atom
is contained where?
In the nucleus
Alpha particles cannot shield
through?
Paper
The amount of heat expressed in calories which is required to
raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by one degree
celsius or the amount of heat expressed in BTU which is required
to raise the temperature of one pound of substance by one
degree Fahreheit?
Specific heat
The amount of heat required to convert
1 unit mass of a solid to vapor without
changing its temperature?
Heat of sublimation
The amount of heat required to melt 1
unit mass of the solid at its melting
point without changing its temperature.
Heat of fusion
The amount of heat required to vaporize
1 unit mass of liquid at its boiling point
without changing its temperature.
Heat of vaporization
Amplitude refers to what?
The maximum value of a sinusoidal
wave.
An analytical technique which takes
advantage of the characteristic absorption by
metals of certain wavelength of light>
Atomic absorption
Any stage of disorientation or
unconsciouness due to over exposure to
chemicals?
Narcosis
Approximately what percent of
musculosketal injuries are caused by
pushing or pulling objects?
20%
Are ionic bonds stronger or weaker
than covalent bonds?
Due to the nature of electrical force
developed among atoms, ionic bonds
are stronger than covalent bonds
Are protozoa multi celled?
Yes
As the temperature goes down and the
volume is kept constant, the pressure
has to do what?
Go down to maintain the equality in
the ideal gas law equation.
Atomic mass refers to the number
of?
protons plus neutrons
Atomic number refers to the
number of what in an atom?
Protons
The atom that has gained the electrons
becomes becomes negatively charged
and is called what?
Negative ion
A bacteria can cause injury to the
human body by what 3 examples?
Invasion and destruction of cells, production
of toxic materials, and producing damaging
hypersensitivity reactions.
Behavior safety sampling involves
observation of worker's work habits which is
usually classified as what two things?
Safe or Unsafe. This observation is
usually conducted at random intervals.
Below the critical pressure and
temperature, we can convert liquid to
vapor by?
Heating and vapor to liquid by cooling.
However, at the critical point, the two
phases become indistinguishable.
The biggest danger associate with
alpha radiation is what?
When it is ingested. This type of radiation does not
have a very high penetrating power in contrast to Xrays. Once in the body however, it is capable of
producing ions.
Body cell exposure to extremely
low temperature causes?
Hypothermic injury
The boiling point of a liquid will doe
what when their is a decrease in
ambient pressure.
Decrease
Bonding and grounding techniques
are used why?
Danger of static sparks.
Bonding of a steel container involves
connecting the steel container to
another object which is what?
Electrically conductive. An example is
connecting a steel container to another
conductive container.
Brucellosis is an infectious disease that
primarily affects what three types of
animals?
1. Cattle
2. Swine
3. Goats
Brucellosis is an occupational disease
which can be caused by a result of?
Contact with animals
Building Officials and Code Administrators
(BOCA) building codes have been used mainly
in which two areas of the USA?
1. Midwest
2. North Eastern
Calcium hydroxide is what type of
compound?
A highly corrosive
Can electricity flow through an
open circuit?
No
Capacitors store electrical energy and can pose a
hazard even when the circuit is de-energized. The
best way to protect agains this hazard is to do what?
Properly discharge the electrical energy
through a discharge resistor.
Carbon dioxide extinguishing
agents extinguish a fire by?
Diluting the mixture of air and
vapors to below its LFL.
Carbon dioxide which is a product of
combustion is not a toxic gas in confined
spaces but does what?
Reduces oxygen concentration.
Carbon Monoxide is a what?
Chemical Asphyxiant
Centrifugal fans are commonly
used in what?
Ventilation Systems.
Centrifugal fans commonly follow
which law?
Affinity laws also known as fan
laws.
Chemical asphyxiants are those
chemicals that?
Have a higher affinity for binding
with hemoglobin than oxygen.
Chemical injury is initated by what?
The interaction between a toxic chemical
agent and the cell's plasma membrane.
Chemical reactions that consume
energy are called?
Endothermic
Chemical reactions that produce
energy are called?
Exothermic
Chemicals that attack the kidney upon
entry into the body are called?
Nephrotoxins
Class I hazardous locations are
those in which?
Flammable vapors and gases may
be present.
Class II hazardous locations are
those in which what?
Combustible dust may be present.
Class III hazardous locations are
those in which?
Ignitable fibers may be present
Class I laser
does not have enough power to
cause severe injury
A closed loop SCBA removes what two things
from the exhaled air and after adding make
up oxygen and sends it to the user?
Carbon Dioxide and Water
The color coding on deluge sprinkler
systems depends on what?
The temperature rating and has nothing
to do with the type of sprinkler system.
The combustible gas indicator
operates based on?
Increase in resistance to electric
current.
Combustible gas indicators
operate on what principle?
Combustible gases increase the
electrical resistance of a heated
element.q=
The correct definition of flash point
is?
The minimum temperature at which enough
vapor is generated to support combustion in
presence of an ignition source.
Covalent Bonds are formed by?
as a result of atoms sharing
electrons
Cryogenic liquids are those liquids
that have which two characterists?
1. Generate a large volume of gas above their
boiling points.
2. Are liquids stored at very low temperatures.
Define Isotopes
Isotopes are defined as atoms having
the same atomic number but different
atomic mass.
Define the LD 50?
Lethal Dose 50 indicated the amount of
chemic, which can produce death in 50% of
tested animals in a given period of time.
Define uniform illumination?
Uniform illumination is the distribution of light such that
the maximum or minimum illumination at any given
point within the area is not more than 1/6 th above or
below the average value in the area.
Density equals what?
M/V
Different material have different thermal
conductivites; for example what type of material has
high thermal conductivity and are good conductors
of heat?
Metal
Does a virus have its own cell
structure?
No
Does a virus have its own nucleus?
No
A does of one roentgen of ionizing
radiation due to X-rays or gamma rays is
the equivalent of what?
One Rem
Does threshold refers to what?
The minimum dosage of a chemical
which can produce a measurable
adverse effect.
A dose of one Roentgen due to X-ray or
gamma radiation is equivalent to?
One Rem
Doses or radiation for employee
exposure in the workplace are typcially
measured in?
Rems
Dry powder fire extinguishing
agents are used on what?
Class D fires
Dry powder is suitable for what
type of materials?
Combustible metal fires (Class D)
During an earthquake, no attempt
should be made to do what>
Run from indoors to outdoors as bricks and
other flying debris could pose a greater
hazard than that faced indoors.
An effective product hazard warning
must include what 3 main things?
Seriousness of the hazard, means to
avoid the hazard, and words such as
caution and warning.
The effect of a target organ chemical
produces in the body primarily depends
on?
The amount of chemical.
The electrical equipment in an area
where metal dusts are present should
be what class?
Class II, division 1.
The electrical switch and fuse cabinet may be
painted which color on the inside of the door
to attract attention when the door is open?
Orange - the door must be kept
locked.
The electrons in the outer orbit of
an atom are called?
Valence electrons
The enclosures for explosion proof
electrical equipment must be designed
in such a way to do what?
Safely vent the resulting explosive
gases.
Ensuring that the equipment energy is
zero is very significant for which of the
following operations?
Equipment Maintenance
Epidemiological studies that attempt to note
the number of cases of a specific disease in a
specific time period are generally known as?
Descriptive studies.
Examples of solid fuels that can support
combustion are what?
Explain the storage requirements for
class I and II flammable liquids in public
assembly areas?
1. wood
2. coal
3. textiles
4. paper
5. plastics
6. Some metals such as magnesium
7. Metals such as cesium
Should not be stored in buildings that are designed
for public assembly unless in approved containers,
approved cabinets or approved storage areas.
An explosion proof electrical
equipment will do what?
Withstand an internal explosion
Exposure to high temperatures
causes what tyep of injury?
Hyperthermic
An extinguisher with an 8-A rating can
put out more fire than an extinguisher
with what rating?
4-A rating
Extremely low temperatures cause
what type of injury?
Hypothermic
A face shield is primarily designed
for what?
Primary face protection, and by itself
doe snot provide adequate eye
protection.
Fire alarm systems fall into two
broad categories. What are they?
Automatic and manual
Fire doors are classified by what?
Hourly rating
Fire point is always what?
A few degrees higher than flash
point.
A fire proof building is one that?
The content of the building may burn
but the building will not collapse.
Flame detectors respond to what?
Infrared radiation and ultraviolet
radiation
The Flame Spread Rating concept
was developed by who at where?
A.J. Steiner at Underwriters
Laboratories.
Flame Spread Rating of materials are
used in NFPA 101 to indicate what?
Areas where the different materials can
be used for finishing purposes.
Flammable liquids, gases and greases
are types of what class of fire?
Class B
The four elements in the previous
question make up what?
Fire Tetraedron
Frequency of sound wave expressed
in Hertz is defined as what?
As the number of complete cycles in one
second. 360,000 cycles/hr * 1 hr/3600
seconds
Frequency of sound wave expressed
in Hertz is defined as what?
The number of complete cycles in
one second
Frequency of sound wave is
expressed in what?
Hertz
Fuels can be present in which four
states?
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Vapor
4. Gaseous
A Geiger - Muller is a tube which is
filled by what?
A gas that is capable of undergoing
ionization.
A Geiger - Muller radiation measuring
instrument is suitable for measuring
what?
Gamma, beta and alpha rays
GFCI detect the flow of electrical current to
ground in approximately 2 hundreths (0.02) of a
second. The GFCIs protect the personnel by?
Opening the electrical circuit
A Ground Fault Interrupter?
Detects the flow of electricity to
the ground and opens the circuit.
The Half Life for a radioactive
material is defined as?
The length of time required for that
material to loose 50 percent of its
original activity.
HAzardous locations are classified
as?
Class I, II, III only
Hearing loss due to aging is known
as?
Presbycusis
Heat combustion is an important
property in calculation of fire loading for
buildings. Heat of combustion is?
The amount of heat generated as a
result of combustion reactions.
Heat fusion refers to what?
The amount of heat required to melt a
solid without changing its temperature.
Heat of combustion is usually
expressed in what units?
Units of energy per mass of fuel.
Heat transfer by radiation is
proportional to?
the fourth power of temperature
Heat transfer by what takes place as
a result of fluid motion?
Convection
The higher the value of the Reynolds
number, the more what the flow is?
Turbulent
How can carpal tunnel syndrome
be treated?
By surgical relief of tension or by
therapy.
How do air purifying respirators remove
the contaminants from the air?
By the process of "Absorption"
How does a virus survive?
As intracellular parasites that can take
over the metabolic functions of host
cells.
How do luminescent detectors
work?
The collision of neutrons with the solid material in the
detector generates excess energy which emitted is
emitted in the form of light which is proportional to the
amount of energy recieved by the material.
How is reynolds number
calculated?
By mulplying density by flow velocity and pipe
or conduit diameter and dividing the result by
the visocsity of the fluid.
How many different classes has
laser radiation been place into?
Four
The human body converts food into
energy by using what which also
produces heat in the human body?
Metabolic reactions
A hydro carbon is any chemical
which contains?
Only carbon and hydrogen atoms in its
molecule (example CH4 which is
methane)
Hypergolic reactions generate
tremendous amounts of what as they
progress?
Heat
Hypoxia can be caused by what
four things?
If a container of flammable liquid which
is insoluble in water and has a specific
gravity of less than one is on fire?
If the air contains 500 PPM of acetone (TLV,
750PPM) and 50 PPM of MEK (TLV, 200PPM),
the concentration of the mixture is what?
1. Reduced concentration of oxygen in air.
2. Loss of hemoglobin or hemoglobin function.
3. Decreased production of red blood cells.
4. Disease of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Water would spread the fire.
Below the recommended values for the
mixture. Because C1/T1 + C2/T2 is < 1.
Example 500/75 + 50/200 < 1.
In acetylene welding, the energy
released by the acetylene gas is in the
form of what?
Thermal Energy
In acetylene welding, the energy
released by the acetylene gas is in the
form of what>
thermal energy
In a fire situation, convective heat
transfer takes place as a result of what
two things?
The movement of air and the
combustion products
In all burns caused as a result of
elevated temperatures, every effort
must be made to do what?
Mimimize the blood flow to the
affected areas.
In an emergency situation, the
responsible party for assuming total
control of decision making on site is?
Depends on organization's
operating procedure.
In an epidemiological study 2 out of 1,000
people were found to have a disease. The
prevalence for this study is what?
Prevalence - 2/1000 = 0.002
In areas with freezing temperatures,
what type of sprinkler system should not
be used and why?
Wet pipe because the water in the
pipes will freeze and cannot flow.
In building design and construction,
fire loading refers to what?
The maximum amount of heat
generated in a given area as a result of a
fire.
In defining an effective safety training
program, validity refers to what two
things?
In deluge sprinkler systems, the
sprinkler heads are what?
In designing a piece of equipment, the
controls and displays must conform to
which of the following principles?
An indication of the ease with which
heat is tranferred by conduction is
called?
1. Identification of the hazards associated with each
task.
2. The required knowledge and skills to preform those
tasks in a safe manner.
Always open
Displays should generally move in the same
direction as movement of controls. (Control
and display movement must be compatible)
Thermal Conductivity
In epidemiology, the studies that focus on proving
or disproving a hypotheses regarding the
relationship between exposure and disease are
called?
Analytic studies
In epidemiology, the studies that focus on proving
or disproving a hypotheses regarding the
relationship between expsosure and disease are
called?
Analytic studies
The inert gas shield minimizes
what?
Entry of air to the arc and formations of
nitrides and oxides in the weld.
In fire situations, fresh air is at the
low spots because?
Fire gases have a vapor density of less
than 1, and therefore rise in air.
In humans, brucellosis causes?
Undulant fever or Malta fever
In order to function normally, cells
require adequate amounts of nutrients
such as what three things?
1. Minerals
2. Carbohydrates
3. Proteins
In oxgyen cutting of metals?
The base metal is cut as a result of a chemical
reaction with oxygen and a fuel gas or arc
maintains the elevated temperature.
In pneumatic fire detection, the pneumatic detectors have air at
atmosphere pressure in a bulb which has a sensitive diaphragm.
Increase in temperature causes the air pressure to do what which
will cause the diaphragm to do what?
The air pressure will go up and
eventually the diaphragm will be
deflected.
In some elements, atoms that have the same atomic number can
have a different atomic mass; that is the number of protons is the
same in all the atoms, but the number of neutrons varies. These
different species of the element are called?
Isotopes
Instantaneous damage caused by a
loud noise is called?
Acoustic trama
THe instrument that is used to measure
the quantity of illumination is called?
Light meter
Integrating Sound Level Meters
(ISLMs) measure what?
The average sound levels over a
period of time.
In toxicology, corrosivity
information is obtained by?
Conducting skin tests on laboratory
animals.
In toxicology, the concept of dose
response indicates what?
That at very low dosage a chemical may
produce no adverse effect and may even
be beneficial to human health.
In welding operations, the primary
purpose of an inert gas shield is what
two things?
To prevent entry of air to the arc and to
minimize formation of nitrides and
oxides in the weld.
Ionic bond are formed by?
a result of complete transfer of electrons
from one atom to another.
Ionizing radiation can affect the cellular
structure in which two ways?
1. Directly
2. Indirectly
Ionizing radiation causes injury within
the cell by attacking and altering the?
DNA
ISO 14000 family is primarly
concerned with what?
Environmental management. The means minimization of
harmful effects on the environment caused by the
organization's activities and achievement of continual
improvement of its environmental performacne.
Those isotopes of a given element that do not
have enough nuclear binding energy to hold the
particles together are unstable species called?
Radioisotopes
Isotops are defined as atoms have the
same atomic number but different
atomic mass which means what?
Same the same protons but
different protons plus neutrons.
I square foot equals how many
squared inches?
144
Large differences in electronegativity result in
complete transfer of electrons from one atom
to another and formation of what?
An ionic bond
Laser radiation is what type of
raditation?
Non - ionizing radiation
The last step in a good training
program is to develop?
Techniques to evaluate the
effectivenss of the program.
LD 50 is expressed in units of?
Chemical weight per body weight
Least penetrating ionizing
radiation?
Alpha particles
The level of proficiency gained is directly
proportional with the amount of time devoted to
learning but eventually tends to reach a limit is
known as?
learning curve
Levels of illumination for industiral work
areas are recommended by?
Illuminating Engineering Society (IES)
Levels of illumination for industrial
work areas are recommendd by?
Illuminating Engineering Society
A Likert Scale is used to measure
what?
Attitudes, preferences, and
subjective reactions.
A liquid with a flash point greater than or equal to 73
degrees but less than or equal to 100 degrees F and a
boiling point less than 100 degrees F is classified by the
NFPA as?
Class 1C
The lowest concentration of a vapor in
air expressed in volume percent which
can support combustion is called?
LFL - Lower Flammability Limit
The lowest temperature that will
produce combustion in the absence of
an ignition source is called?
Autoignition
Luminescent detectors are effective
measuring instruments for the flow of
what?
Neutrons
Luminescent radiation detectors are
suitable for measuring which type of
ionizing radiation?
Gamma Rays
The main decomposition of halons
in fire situaitons is ?
Hydrohalogenic Acids
The main decomposition product
of halons in fire situations is?
Hydrohalogenic Acids
The major emphasis of the science of
epidemiology as relates to diesease is?
Prevention
The management technique that graphically
demonstrates management styles by assigning values to
the manager's concern for people and production is
known as?
The Blake - Mouton Management
Grid
The maximum amount of class 1A flammable
liquids that can be stored in a laboratory unit
with sprinkler system is what>
1200 gallons. Only NFPA 45 approved amounts of
flammable liquids shall be stored in laboratory
units outside of flammable liquid storage rooms.
Mechanical injury is caused by?
Physical impact or irritation
Members of a fire brigade are required
to wear what type of SCBA according to
1910.157?
Positive Pressure
The most common occupational
disease in the workplace is what?
Dermatitis
Most flammable vapors have a vapor density which
is greater than 1. Ventilation ports for flammable
liquid storage areas should be placed where?
At low spots
Most penetrating ionizing
radiation?
Gamma rays
THe movement of air in the previous
questions is a critical factor as it
determines what?
The direction in which a fire will
spread.
Mulitple choice exams are what 3
things?
1. Easy to grade
2. Easy to statically analyze
3. Can be objectively graded.
Name 6 physical agents that can
cause cellular injuries?
1. Temperature extremes
2. Pressure changes
3. Radiation
4. Mechanical factors
5. Nose
6. Vibration
Name a chemical that is not suitable for
being extinguished with water?
Calcium carbide
Name a suitable agent for
extinguishing fires besides water?
Ammonium phosphate
Name five characteritics of leadership
role in maintaining a quality safety
program?
1. Build responsibility
2. Focus on the process
3. Educate
4. Inspire by example
5. Set expectations.
Name four typical forms of ionizing
radiation?
1. x-rays
2. Beta particals
3. Alpha particles
4. Gamma rays
Name six stimuli which can cause
cellular injury?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Chemical agents
Lack of sufficient oxygen
Infectious agents
Physical and mechanical factors
Genetic factors
Nutritional imbalances
Name three characteristics of a
trench?
1. A narrow excavation
2. Deeper than it is wide
3. Never wider than 15 feet.
Name three concepts according to Frederick
Herzbergs theories in motivating influence on
an employee to conduct a job safely?
1. Peer Pressure.
2. Whether the job is important and meaningful to the employee
and his degree of involvement in aspects of the job.
3. How good of performance is recognized within the organization.
Name three domains of learning?
Cognitive, affective and
psychomotor.
Name three statement associated
with equipment failure?
1. Poor maintenance program. 2. Lack of
fail safe instrumentation. 3. Metal
fatigue
Name three true statements in
regards to Matrix Management?
1. It can be demonstrated in the forms of rows and
columns. 2. The horizontal and the vertical intersects
into a grid. 3. A matrix interface is where the focus of
authority and responsiblity comes into play.
Name three true statements in regard to
the use of behavioral data analysis for
improving safety?
Corrective action based on anaylsis of behavorial data can
prevent accidents; behavioral data analysis can suggest actions to
prevent injury and behavioral data analysis is essential in
improving safety because it closes the improvement loop.
Name three typical shielding
materials for alpha rays?
1. Paper
2. Aluminum sheets
3. Ordinary clothing
Name two compounds that fall within
the definition of a hypergolic reaction?
Nitric Acid and Gasoline
Name two examples of chemical
ashyixants?
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Hydrogen Cyanide
Name two examples of simple
asphxiants?
1. Hydrogen
2. Nitrogen
Name two good examples of
simple ashphyxiants?
Nitrogen and Methane
Name two type of non-flammable
solids?
1. Sodium hydroxide
2. Caustic
Negatively charged particles
surrounding the nucleus of an atom are
known as?
Electrons
NFPA classification for a liquid with a
boiling point of 90 degrees F and flash
point of 60 degree F is
Class 1A Liquid
Noise is defined as?
A sound wave that has the potential for causing bodily
harm.
Not more than how many gallons of Class I,
Class II, and Class IIIA liquids shall be stored in
an approved flammable storage?
120
Not more than how many gallons of the
total shall be Class I and Class II liquids?
60
The nucleus is surrounded by
what?
Negatively charged particles.
The number of electrons and protons in
any atom are equal so that the atom in
its normal state is?
Neutral
The number of protons plus the number
of neutrons in an atom is the what?
Atomic Mass
The numbers in front of each reactant
and product molecule are called?
Stoichiometric coefficients
Objects tip over as a result of
what?
The moment which is generated by
the pushing force.
Octave band analyzers are used to
measure what?
The actual sound energy over a
range of frequencies.
Once determined that safety training is
required, what must be clearly defined.
Objectives
Once the GFCI detects the flow of
electrical current to ground, it does
what?
Opens the circuit and the electrical
flow to ground stops.
One hour has how many seconds?
3600 seconds
One of the causes of leukemia is
what?
Ionizing radiation - which as been
proven to contribute to leukemia
especially in young children.
One of the most important functions of a supervisor is
his or her ability to work with people effectively. What is
one of the most critical factors to consider in order to
work with people effectively?
Each individual is different and find a
way to recognize these differences.
One proper step in treating cold
contract burns?
To immerse the affected area in warm
water (no less than 105 degrees F no
more than 115 degrees F.
One Roentgen equals what?
2.58 * 1- to the -4 coulomb per kilogram
of air.
One unit of exit in the flow method is defined
as how many persons per minute per how
many inches of exit width.
60 people per minute per 22
inches.
One unit of exit in the flow method
is defined as what>
60 seconds per minute per 22
inces of exit width.
OSHA regulations mandate that sound levels
in the workplace for evaluation of employee
noise expsoure be measured on what?
The A scale.
OSHA requires that a maximum travel
distance for Class A fire extinguisher not
exceed?
75 feet
An outside trainer can be very
effective for what three situations?
1. The supervisors have relatively low skills
2. There is not adequate communication across different management
levels
3. Different departments within the organization are reluctant to cooperate
with each other.
Over-expsosure of unprotected eyes to
infrared radiation could give rise to?
Cataracts
Over expsosure of unprotected skin to
ultraviolet radiation may give rise to a
condition called?
Erythema (sunburn)
Oxidation reduction reactions are
more commonly known as?
Redox Reactions
PH can vary between what levels?
1 to 14
A PH less than 7 indicates?
Acid (1.5 is a strong acid)
A PH value greater than 7
indicates?
Base
The pneumatic fire detection systems
work principally on the basis of what?
Increase in air pressure.
A pocket dosimeter is a device that is
used to measure employee exposure
what?
Radiation
Portable electric tools that are double
insulated do not require what?
Grounding.
Pre-action automatic sprinkler systems
designed to control the fire when their
is a possibility of what two things?
1. Damage to piping or sprinkler heads
2. The property is sensitive to water.
The preferred method for sheilding
gamma ray sources is what?
Concrete (Lead however is a more
effective shield.
The presence of what has been found to cause or
aggravate disorders such as tendonitis, bursitis,
or carpal tunnel syndrome?
A static load on hand and shoulder.
The primary type of hearing loss which
is caused as a result of over-exposure to
excessive noise is known as?
Sensorienural
The probability of tipping over an object
by pushing it increases as the?
Grasping point moves above the
object's center of gravity.
The products of the chemical reaction
between calcium carbide and water are
what?
Calcium hydroxide, a highly corrosive
compound, and acetylene which is a
flammable gas.
Product warning labels must
address what three things?
1. What the hazard is. 2. How to avoid the hazard. 3. The
severity of the hazard. An effective warning label must
also address the likelihood of harm, and the
consequences.
Radiation exposures that exceed
prescribed regulatory limits must be
reported to?
OSHA within 24 hours of the
incident
The rate at which charge moves past a
point in the conductor is called what?
Electric current
The rate of convective heat transfer is
proprotional to what two things?
1. Temperature difference
2. Area of heat transfer
The rate of heat transfer can be assumed to be proportional to
the temperature gradient per unit thickenss of the wall and the
transfer area. The proportionality constant K in the above
equation is called?
Thermal conductivity
Rate of Rise fire detection systems have
a faster response than what?
Thermal detectors
Rate of Rise fire detectors operate
on the basis of what?
Rate of rise of temperature (not
absolute value).
The ratio of density of a gas or
vapor to density of air is called?
Vapor density
The reaction between an acid and a
base is BEST described by which of the
following terms?
Neutralization
Regular dry pipe sprinkler systems have
sprinkler heads that are connected to
piping which contains what?
Air or nitrogen under pressure.
Reliablity of a test determines
what?
The consistency of scores between
different sections of the examination.
The response of tissue to mechanical
stress is the focus of what type of
biomechanics?
Occupational
A Reynolds number of greater
than 2100 indicates what?
Turbulent flow
A Reynolds number of less than
2100 indicates what type of flow?
Laminar flow
RNA is composed of what?
Organic compounds
The route of entry of toxic chemical into
the body can be through what five ways?
1. Ingestion
2. Inhalation
3. Skin absorption
4. Eye absorption
5. Injection
The scores of a test generally
follow what?
A bell shape curve as they are
normally distributed.
Sensitizers are chemicals that
usually?
Do not produce a sensitizing effect on the first exposure,
but can produce an allergic reaction in living tissue after
repeated or extended exposures. They may cause
sensitization in some people but not others.
Several instruments and devices are designed
for measuring the amount of radiation emitted
from a given source. Name three types?
1. Film badges
2. Ionization chambers
3. Geiger Mueller radiation detectors
Siderosis is associated with what
two types of work?
Welding and iron ore mining. It is
the inhalation of iron oxides.
Simple asphyxiants can cause
suffocation as a result of what?
Reducing oxygen concentration.
Smoke detectors generally respond to
combustion particles generated as a result of
fire and can be triggered by what?
More or less light.
Smoke detectors generally
respond to when?
during the second phase of fire as
compared to thermal detectors that
respond during the first stage of a fire.
Smoke detectors react to what?
Products of combustion
Some chemical reactions take place when atoms share
their valance electrons to complete the electron
requirement in the valance shell of each atom. This type
of bonding among atoms is known as?
Covalent bonding
Some fixed temperature thermal detectors
are made from a bimetallic element. These
detectors work based on?
Coefficient of expansion
Some flame detectors are designed to
respond to ultraviolet light, but most
respond to what>
The infrared radiation portion of
light generated by the flame.
Sometimes, the amount of nuclear binding energy within the
nucleus of an isotope is not enough to hold the nuclear particles
(protons and neutrons) together, and as a result pat of the
nucleus is lost in a process of nuclear disintegration called?
Specifc gravity is the ration of
what?
Radioactive nuclear binding
The density of a substance to the
density of water.
The specific heat of a substances is
determined by what?
The energy absorbed per unit mass per
degree of temperature increase.
Specific heat refers to the what?
Amount of heat required to raise the
temperature of a unit mass by one
degree.
A spherical tank is half filled with a liquid that has a
density of 70 lbs/ft3. If the mass of liquid in the tank
is 2100 lbs. The volume of the tank is equal to:
Density = Mass/Volume. 70 = 2100/volume. Volume =
2100/70 = 30ft3. However, the above value is only
half the total volumne of the tank. Total volume of
tank = 30*2=60ft3
Stock insurance companies are
what?
Profit oriented
The strong electrical force that develops
between positive and negative ions
which form a new compound is called?
Ionic bound
The study of the relationship between
excessive noise and hearing loss fall
within the domain of?
Epidemiology
Substances that have the same number of atoms
of each element per molecule but differ in spatial
arrangement of the atoms are known as?
Isomers of each other
Target organ chemicals attack
specific organs once they enter?
The blood stream
The technique of applying problem
assessment to safety and health training
is called what?
JHA
The term Boiling Liquid-Expanding
Vapor (BLEVE) referes to what?
A container failure holding a liquid
above its boiling point.
The term hypergolic refers to
what?
The ignition of a fuel when it comes into
contact with an oxidizer without presence of
an outside source of ignition.
A test can be and should be?
Both valid and reliable.
This statement describes what "two conductors
separated by and electrical insulator that melts
at a fixed temperature in the surrounding air?
Continuous line type of fire detector.
A toxic chemical is one that can create
an adverse effect in?
A relatively small dosage
The travel distance for a class B fire
extinguisher must not exceed what?
50 feet.
Two forms of Noise Induced
Hearing Loss are?
Conductive and Sensineural
The two main categories of circuit
breakers are?
Magnetic and thermal
Under constant temperature conditions,
the volume of a gas will do what with an
increase in air pressure?
Decrease
Under OSHA's HAZCOM, every label on a
container of a hazardous chemical must
contain what?
Unfired pressure vessels such as air
tanks, steam jacketed kettles, etc. must
follow ASME code what?
Appropriate hazard warnings, pictograms, chemical name, and the name and
address of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party.
Section VIII, division 1 and 2
The Uniform Building Code (UBC) was first published
by International Conference of Building Officals
(ICBO). This building code has been mainly used
where?
Western part of US.
The universal color used for displaying
radiation hazards signs and labels is?
Magenta on yellow background
Valence electrons are responsible
for what?
Chemical reactions
Validity of a test determines what?
Whether the test actually measures
what it is supposed to measure.
Vapor pressure of a liquid is
defined as?
The pressure exerted by the vapor when
the liquid and vapor phases have
reached equilibrium.
Velocity x times = what?
Distance
Velometers can do what three
things?
Measures air velocity, useful in
conducting energy audits, and useful in
hood and spray booth monitoring.
A virus can adversely affect the
human body by?
TAking over the metabolic function of
the cells.
Wet pipe systems have water in
the piping to where?
The sprinkler head. In fire situations, the flow of
water continues until the main water supply valve is
manually closed. This can cause severe water
damage to the area.
What always accompanies
reduction?
Oxidation
What are 3 examples of
Nephrotoxins?
Uranium, halogenated
hydrocarbons, and vinyl chloride.
WHat are chemcials that can cause an
allergic reaction in teh body after
repeated exposures?
Sensitizers
What are chemcials that cause permanent changes to
genetic material (DNA), such that the changes will
propagate through generational lines?
Mutagens
What are chemicals that attack specific
organs regardless of the route of entry
into the body?
Target organs
What are chemicals that can cause
inflammation of living tissue as a result
of a chemical reaction?
Irritants
WHat are chemicals that can stop or decrease
the hemoglobin function, resulting in body
tissues being deprived of oxygen?
Hematopoietic System Hazards
What are chemicals that cause damage to
developing fetus, but the damage does not
propagate across generational lines?
Teratogens
What are isotopes of a given element that do not have
enough nuclear binding energy to hold the nucleus
particles together, and as a result, part of the nucleus is
lost in the form of ionizing radiation?
Radioisotopes
What are luminescent detectors
effective at?
Measuring the flow of neutrons.
What are machine gaurds that shut off or
disengage power and prevent the machine
from starting when the guard is opened?
Interlocked.
What are other names for
siderosis?
Arc Welder's Disease or Metal Fume
Fever. This is caused by inhalation of
dust fumes or containing iron particles.
What are reactions that generate heat,
but heat removal can be controlled?
Exothermic
What are self adjusting guards which provide
barriers that move according to the size of the
stock entering the danger area.
What are substances that can cause
suffocation by preventing oxygen from
reaching tissues?
What are the asphyixants that are gases or vapors
which are not toxic by themselves but can cause
suffocation as a result of reducing the oxygen
concentration?
Interlocked.
Asphyxiants
Simple
What are the asphyxiants that interfere
with body's capability to absorb oxygen
into the blood stream?
Chemical
What are the bones in the human
ear called?
Ossicles
What are the classic symptoms of
carpal tunnel syndrome?
Numbness and tingling in the thumb and first two fingers, and the thumb side and tip of the
fourth finger.
What are the four basic types of
machine guards?
Self-adjusting, adjustable, fixed and
interlocked.
What are the four elements
required for combustion?
1. Oxygen
2. Fuel
3. Source of ignition
4. Chemical chain reaction
What are the names of condition when their is
expsosure of the unprotected eye which can
cause inflamamation of the cornea?
Keratitis and conjuctivitis
What are the six major types of
sprinkler systems?
1. Pre action
2. Deluge
3. Limited Water Supply systems
4. Combined
5. Wet pipe
6. Dry pipe
What are the smallest bones in the
human body?
Ossicles
What are the three adverse effects of
noise on hearing can be categorized into
what three categories?
1. Conductive impairment
2. Sensorineural
3. Mixed and sentral impariment
What are the two categories that
asphyxiants are classified?
1. Simple
2. Chemical
What are the two sampling techniques
used to evaluate the potential accident
predicting behavior?
Critical incident and safety
behavior sampling.
What are the two types of hearing
losses associated with noise?
Acoustic trama and NIHL
What are three examples of effective
shielding for beta radiation?
1. Lead
2. Aluminum
3. Water
What are three examples of
effective shielding for gamma rays?
1. Concrete
2. Water
3. Lead
4. Iron
What are three valid approaches in
safety programs that primarily focus on
behavior modification?
Eliminate unwanted behavior, educate
employees on desired responses, and provide
reward and/or praise for working safely.
What are two benefits of a closed
loop SCBA?
What are two disadvantages to
multiple choice questions?
1. Recycles the exhaled air.
2. Lasts for longer periods of time
compared to an open loop SCBA.
When compared to true/false and matching, multiple
choice items can be more challenging to write and they
require the creation of plausible incorrect answer
options.
What are two factors that directly contribute
to container failures with BLEVEs and a factor
that contributes indirectly?
Corrosion and mechanical damage are
direct factors.
Temperature is an indirect factor.
What best describes a tangible and
verifiable safety goal in manufacturing
facility?
Attainable
What can alter the DNA within a cell's
nucleus and thus the plasma
membrane?
Genetic factors
What can be emitted spontaneously by certain
radioactve materials, and can be produced by
bombarding the nucleus of certain isotopes of
hydrogen?
What can rupture the ear drum, displace the
small bones in the middle of the ear called
ossicles and damage the inner ear?
What chemical can produce a higher
flame temperature upon combustion
than any other gas?
What contains a central nucleus made up of
positively charged particles, the protons, and
electrically neutral particles called neutrons?
What does actual injury data do?
Neutrons
Acoustic trama
Acetylene
An atom
It actually gets more employee attention. However,
because of its nature, it creates a reactive rather than
a proactive response to preventing injuries and
accidents.
What does bonding do?
Bonding does NOT eliminate the static charges. However, it prevents the
flow of accumulated static charges (spark) by making the potential
difference between the two containers equal. The same phenomeenon is
observed with lighting that makes the potential difference between two
clouds or a cloud and ground equal.
What does the thermal type circuit
breaker do?
It opens the circuit based on
temperature rise resulting from current
flow.
What do magnetic circuit breakers
do?
Work on the basis of the amount of
current flowing through the device.
WHate are chemicals that can cause
irreversible alteration of living tissue?
Corrosives
What generally accompanies alpha
and beta decay?
Gamma Rays
What indicates the amount of sound energy
which is absorbed and the remainder is
reflected by the material?
Sound absorption
What instrument measures the average
sound levels over a period of time?
Integrating sound level
What involves maintaining an electrically conducting
path to the earth for the flow of excess electrons that
have been generated through a fault system of the
equipment?
Grounding
What is a condition resulting from overexposure to solvents?
Narcosis
What is a measure of the activity of
the radioactive material?
Curie (Ci)
What is a measure of the dose of any ionizing
radiation to the body tissue of its estimated
biological effect relative to a dose of one roentgen?
Rem
What is a necessary component of
all combustion reactions?
Fuels
What is an example of a chemical that reduces
hemoglobin availiability by damaging the hemapoietic
cells of the bone marrow, even through it does not act
directly on the hemoglobin?
Benzene
What is an example of counted
data?
Inspection of a control device for missing parts is an
example of counted data. Counted data is called
"attributes" and are presented as whole numbers.
What is an example of motivation factor
according to Herzberg's Motivation
Hygiene theory?
Responsiblity
What is an ordered array of its
component atoms, ions or molecules?
Crystalline substance
What is any chemical that interferes in
any way with the reproductive process?
Reproductive Toxins
What is a property associated with
certain atoms which causes unequal
sharing of electrons during bonding?
Electronegativity
What is a special unit for
measuring exposure to radiation?
Roentgen
What is carpal tunnel syndrome
caused by?
The pressure on the median nerve at the point where it
goes through the carpal tunnel of the wrist resulting in
tenderness, soreness, and weakness of muscles of the
thumb.
What is defined as the rapid chemcial
reaction of oxygen with a fuel?
Combustion
What is determined by conducting skin
tests on laboratory animals or in studies
using synthetic skin?
Chemical corrosivity
What is emitted when radioactive transformations
take place and originate in the nucleus of the atom
rather than from violent electron acitivity?
Gamma Rays
What is energy in transfer called?
Heat
What is FMECA?
Failure Mode Effects and Criticality
Analysis
What is FTA?
FAult Tree Analysis
What is ionizing radiation?
It is any electromagnetic or particulate radiation
capable of producing ions either directly or
indirectly as a result of interaction with matter.
What is leveling according to
Argyris?
It means that everyone should
participate either directly or indirectly in
the decision making process.
What is most often a result of the
ionization of matter by a stream of fastmoving charged particles.
X-rays
What is PHA?
Preliminary Hazard Analysis
What is similar to X-rays but of
shorter wavelength?
Gamma Rays
What is the advantage of GM
detectors for measuring radiation?
The advantage is that it can be used to measure
various types of ionizing radiation (alpha, beta,
gamma and x-rays) for which it is calibrated.
What is the amount of chemical
administered per unit of body weight?
Dosage
What is the amount of heat generated
as a result of the combustion of a fuel?
Heat of combustion
What is the best type of protection for
workers who operate a power press?
Fixed enclosure guard
What is the concentration that cannot
be exceeded even momentarily.
TLV-C (Ceiling)
What is the difference between
descriptive studies in epidemiology and
analytic studies?
Descriptive studies in epidemiology are helpful in
formation of hypotheses regarding the relationship
between exposure and disease. Analytic studies are
studies seeking to prove or disprove specific hypotheses.
What is the effect of ionizing radiation on the
cellular structure that is ultimately ionization
of the DNA molecule?
Indirect
What is the electromagnetic mechanism of
heat transfer which is proportional to the
fourth power of temperature?
Heat transfer by radiation
What is the first step in developing
a safety training program?
Determination of whether training
is required.
What is the fluid in which the volume changes
significantly with changes in pressure or temperature.
For example, by pressurizing a gas, we can reduce its
volume substantially.
Compressible fluid
What is the fluid when the volume does not change
signifcantly with changes in pressure or temperature.
For example, if we increase the pressure on a liquid, its
volume does not change substantially.
Incompressible Fluid
WHat is the force between two bodies when
repulsive when they are similarly charged and
attractive when they are dissimilarly charged?
Electrical force
What is the function of the physical
properties of the fluid?
Heat transfer coefficent
What is the gain of electrons by an atom
involved in a chemical reaction?
Reduction
What is the heat of sublimation
formula?
Heat of fusion + Heat of vaporization
What is the important number to
remember when converting PPM to
mg/m3 or vice versa?
24.4
What is the loss of electrons by an atom
involved in a chemical reaction?
Oxidation
What is the main reason for guarding
block and tackles used in confined
spaces?
Prevent one's hand from getting caught
between the pulley and the rope.
What is the major function of
ossicles?
To transmit the sound wave to the inner
ear for transmission to the brain by the
inner ear nerve cells.
What is the major objective of
safety audits?
To measure the safety performance within an
organization with the major goal of improving
safety performance.
What is the max amount of a 1A
flammable liquid that can be stored int
a lab unit with a sprinkler system?
1200 gallons
What is the measure of the dose of
ionizing radiation to the body in terms
of energy absorbed per unit of tissue?
Rad
What is the mechanism of thermal
energy transfer from one molecule to
another usually in one phase called?
Conduction
What is the minimum dosage of a
chemical that can produce a
measurable adverse effect?
Dose Threshold
What is the most common type of
cellular injury?
Hypoxia
What is the most correct statement for
eye and face protection when working
with hand held grinders?
Adequate eye protection and a
face shield must be worn.
What is the most critical step towards a
behavioral approach for improving
safety?
Defining the objectives and goals.
What is the most important element of a
safety training program?
to se goals and objectives
What is the most powerful for an
accident/incident investigation?
Root Cause Analysis
What is the name for cellular injury due
to lack of sufficient oxygen?
Hypoxia
What is the name of the F tornado
scale?
Fujita Pearson
What is the NRC?
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
What is the number of the NFPA hazard diamond
which is used in fixed installations or facilities to
warn of hazards durning fire fighting?
704
What is the occupational disease caused
as a result of over - exposure to cotton
dust?
Byssinosis
What is the recommended speed
for a volcano eruption?
35 mph. Ash can damage engine and
metal parts so evacuation must only be
done if directed by authroities.
What is THERP?
An acronym for Technique for
Human Error Rate Prediction.
What is the study of occurance of
disease in human populations?
Epidemiology
What is the study that focuses on the
number of cases of a disease in a time
period?
Descriptive Epidemiological Studies
What is the sum of atomic weight of
different atoms making a compound
called?
The molecular weight of that compound
What is the type of burn that is an open wound
involving all skin layers; cellular regeneration is not
possible and skin must be grafted to site from a
donor?
Full thickness burn
What is the type of effect of ionizing radiation on
cells which is by attacking and ionizing the
macromolecules within the cell and in particular the
DNA molecule?
Direct
What is the ultimate goal of safety
coaching?
Injury reduction. The coaching must
treat this process as an achievement
oriented proactive process.
What is used to measure the actual
sound energy over a range of
frequencies?
Octave Band Analyzers. The data in turn
is used to calcuate the noise exposures
to employees.
What law does radiation follow?
Inverse Square Law
What material generally has low thermal
conductivity and are poor conductors of
heat?
Plastic
What measures the degree of
turbulance in a flow system?
Reynolds number
What occurs either as a result of complete transfer of
one or more valence electrons from one atom to
another or as a result of sharing valence electrons
among different atoms?
Chemical reactions
What organizaiton sets forth standards
for exits where flammables are stored.
NFPA
What particles are more penetrative
than alpha particles and have a
moderate power of ionization?
Beta particles
What particles can be either negatively charged
(negatrons) or postiviely charged electrons
(positrons) produced by radioactive decay?
Beta particles
What particles have a helium nucleus and
have a relatively low penetrative power and a
rather high ionization power?
Alpha particles
What rate refers to the number of new cases
of disease during a time period divided by the
total number of risk?
Incidence rate
What refers to the arthmetic average of
sound absorption coefficient at frequencies of
250, 500, 1000 and 200 Hz.
Noise Reduction Coefficent
What refers to the number of cases with
a disease to the total number in the
study?
Prevalence
What results from the prolonged
exposure to intense sound?
NIHL (Noise Inducted Hearing
Loss)
What results in shared electrons
spending more time with one atom and
less time with the other known as?
Electronegativity
What term best describes the symptoms
of over-exposure to heat and fainting?
Heat Syncope is associate with fainting
as a result of over-exposure to heat.
What three agencies require radiation caution
signs and labels (purple on yellow
background) in radiation areas?
OSHA, DOE and RC
What two aspects of the workplace are
generally reviewed for a JHA?
Historical and statistical information on
accidents and illnesses and the tasks,
which make a worker's job.
What type of bond is weaker, ionic
or covalent?
Covalent
What type of burn causes reddening of the area as a
result of dilation of small blood vessels and increased
permeability of cellular membranes with loss of protein
rich fluid, resulting in the typical blister burn?
A partial thickness burn
What type of chemicals cause liver
damage?
Hepatoxins
What type of device uses a
wheatstone bridge?
Combusitble gas meter
What type of hydrocarbon is less
flammable than the parent
hydrocarbon?
Halogenated hydrocarbon
What type of injury to the body cells can be
caused as a result of sudden increase or
decrease in atompheric pressure?
Blast injury
What type of radiation refers to any type of
radiation capable of removing orbital electrons
from the atom and thereby forming ions?
What type of radiation wavelengths can
vary from 10 meters to about 1 mm?
What type of study provides information on the
distribution of disease as well as the risk factors
for an individual to contract the disease?
What type of toxins affect the
kidney?
Ionizing radiation
Microvave
Descriptive epidemological studies
Nephrotoxins
What type of toxins affect the
liver?
Hepatotoxins
When an acid and base react in
stoichiometric ratios, the result is what?
Salt and Water. Both the acid and
the base have been neutralized.
When antibodies react with antigens,
one of the major results is?
Neutralization of toxins
When cold fluid comes into contact with
a hot surface, the film adjacent to the
hot surface picks up what?
Thermal energy
When electrons are ejected from teh inner orbits, the
electrons from outer shells fall to the lower orbits to fill
their place. As a result of this energy transformation,
what is produced?
X-rays
When fuel is burned, the carbon in the
fuel reacts with oxygen to form either
what two chemicals?
Carbon Dioxide or Carbon Monixde
When is carpal tunnel syndrome
more pronounced?
During sleep.
When one or more valence electrons are transferred
from one atom to another, the atom that has lost the
electrons becomes positively charged which is called
what type of ion?
Positive ion
When pressure or temperature is
decreased the LFL does what and the
UFL does what?
LFL value increases and the UFL
value decreases
When the hearing does not return to
normal, the hearing loss is called?
Permanent Threshold Shift
When the route of entry of the chemical
into an animal's body is by inhalation,
lethal doses are expressed as?
LC 50
When the route of entry of the chemicals is by
ingestion or skin absorption, lethal doses are
expressed as?
LD 50
When the sound has not been too loud
and the hearing returns to normal, the
hearing loss is called a?
Temporary Threshold Shift.
When using luminescent detectors the collision of
neutrons with the solid material in the detector
generates excess energy which is emitted in the form of
light. This is proportional to what?
The amount of energy received by
the material.
When were revised in 1991 to reduce
allowable exposure to employees?
NRC regulations
When workers operate a power presses,
the fixed enclosure guard is always in
place expect for what two tasks?
It is always in place except for
maintance and or die changing.
When working with corrosive chemicals
what type of goggles should be used
and why?
Goggles with indirect ventilation ports
because they do not allow entry of
liquids.
Which analytical technique deals with
human error prediction?
THERP
Why are ionic bonds stronger than
covalent bonds?
Due to the nature of electrical force developed among atoms, ionic bonds are stronger than
covalent bonds.
Why are viruses difficult to
destroy?
Because one must kill the host cell
in order to kill the virus.
Why should you avoid showing or
bathing during a thunderstorm>
Because bathroom plumbing and
fixtures can conduct electricity.
The wider the range between the LFL
and the UFL, the more of what type of
hazard is this material?
A fire hazard. Example - a vapor with LFL
= 1% and a UFL = 16% is more likely to
be a severe fire hazard.
Winds in the range of 40 to 72 mph can
damage chimney and break tree
branches is which category?
F-0
Winds in the range of 73 to 112 mph can
demolish mobile homes are what
cateorgry?
F-1
Winds in the range of 113 to 157 can
demolish mobile homes and uproot
trees and considered what category?
F-2
Winds in the range of 158 to 205 can
tear roof and wall and throw cars are
considered what category?
F-3
Winds in the range of 207 to 260
are what category?
F-4
Winds in the range of 261 to 318
are what category?
F-5
With a Geiger - Muller interaction of
ionizing radiation with the gas produces
ions which in turn produce what?
An electric current which is measured.
The word Epi is derived from the
Greek work?
upon
The work demo in epidemiology is
derived from?
People (Disease upon people)
A written report of radiation expsoure must
be submitted no later than how many days
from the occurrence of the incident?
30 Days
You should not mix calcium carbide with water
because the products of the chemical reaction
between the two chemicals create what what two
chemicals.
Calcium hydroxide and acetylene.