Download Some type of precipitation. Fair, clear skies. Usually sunny weather

Name ________________Date _______ Period ______
Earth Science Unit Test Review Sheet
Directions: Use my web site and/or your lab book to help to answer the following
questions.
1. What type of weather does a low pressure system bring?
Some type of precipitation.
2. What type of weather does a high pressure system bring?
Fair, clear skies. Usually sunny weather
3. What type of weather does a stationary front bring?
Some type of precipitation for several days.
4. What type of weather does a cold front bring?
Thunderstorms, stormy weather.
5. What type of weather does a warm front bring?
Some type of light precipitation, drizzle.
6. What are the two different reasons why the Earth is heated unevenly?
a. The
equator receives direct rays from the sun making it
warmer there. While the North and South Poles receive
indirect rays, making it colder there.
b. The land heats up faster than the water. This causes the air
above the land to be warmer, causing convection currents
because of the difference in air pressure.
7. What are two greenhouse gases?
a. Carbon
Dioxide (CO2), METHANE,
b. water vapor
8. What are the three things that effect air pressure?
a. Humid ity- A s hum idity in crea ses, air pressure decrea ses.
b. Temperature- As the temp era ture in creases, air pressure
decrea ses.
c. A ltitude- As the a ltitude increases, a ir p ressu re decreases .
9. What is humidity?
Humidity is the amount of moisture in the air. High humidity
means that there is a lot of moisture in the air.
10. What is altitude?
The height or point above sea level.
11. Where does our drinking water on Long Island come from?
An aquifer, which is is located underground.
12. What are two examples of precipitation? rain, snow, sleet and hail
13. What is the process of a liquid turning into a gas? evaporation
14. What is the process of a gas turning into a liquid? condensation
15. What is the smallest but most violent storm? a tornado.
16. What layer of the atmosphere does weather mainly occur? troposphere
17. What gas is the most abundant in our atmosphere ? nitrogen
18. What is the direct transfer of heat from one object to another called?
conduction
19. What type of heat transfer occurred if you got a sunburn? radiation
20. What type of heat transfer causes warm air to rise and cool air to sink?
convection
21. How is acid rain made?
When fo ssil fuels are bu rned p ollut ion ent ers our air and m ix es with
the water vapor in our atmo sp here. it comes ba ck do wn to Earth
as a cid ra in.
22. What makes the sound of thunder? Lightning
heating the air causes
the air to quickly expand, which causes, the sound of
thunder.
23. Are hurricanes created over water or land? Explain. Hurricanes begin
over warm waters. It is the warm waters that they get their
energy from.
24. Which part of the hurricane is the weakest? the eye
25. Why is it easier to stay safe during a hurricane rather than a tornado?
There is usually advance warning of an approaching hurricane.
Tornadoes are very hard to predict that one is coming.
26. What are the winds called that mainly blow over the United States?
Prevailing Westerlies
27. What does a meteorologist do? Study
and predict the weather.
28. What instrument would you use to measure the following?
air pressure barometer relative humidity
psychrometer
temperature thermometer wind speed anemometer
wind direction wind vane
29. If on Monday the dry bulb reading was 13 degrees Celsius and the wet bulb
reading was 10 degrees Celsius what would the relative humidity be? 69%
30. If on Tuesday the dry bulb reading was 15 degrees Celsius and the wet bulb
81%
31. Which day would have a better chance of raining? On Tuesday because
the relative humidity is higher.
reading was 13 degrees Celsius what would the relative humidity be?
32. If the relative humidity was 100%, what would happen? It would precipitate
33. How would you prepare for a hurricane? If the hurricane is very strong the
best thing to do is evacuate your home. You can board up your windows, and
have a hurricane supply kit, such as a radio, batteries, can food, etc.
34. Where should you go during a tornado?
Since tornadoes strike usually without much warning, the best place to hide is
in a basement.
Indoors, If you are
outdoors seek shelter in a building. DO NOT go under a tree.
35. Where should you go in a thunderstorm?
The equator
37. What is the Beaufort wind scale? A scale classifying wind strength
in terms of observable effects both on the sea and over land
36. What part of the Earth receives direct rays from the sun?
38. What’s the difference between global winds and local winds?
Global winds blow over the entire Earth traveling long distances.
Local winds cover shorter distances. Ex. land and sea breezes.
39. What are the three major fossil fuels?
coal, oil, and natural gas.
40. What does acid rain do to lake water?
It changes the pH value of the lake making it more acidic and
very difficult for the organisms to live. Think of fish swimming
in orange juice.
41. Why should we be concerned with climate change? Global
warming can
lead to the polar ice caps melting and major flooding. The
increase in temperatures will negatively effect the
environment.
42. What is causing global warming (climate change)? Burning
fossil fuels
causes additional carbon dioxide to enter the atmosphere. This
additional carbon dioxide traps more heat keeping it close to
Earth.
43. What is the symbol for each type of weather system?
cold front
warm front
stationary front
high pressure H
low pressure
L
44. What cardinal direction does the weather in the US travel from?
West to East
45. What are the two characteristics air masses are described by?
Temperature and moisture (humidity).
46. The difference between weather and climate?
Weather is the daily condition of the earth’s atmosphere.
Climate is the type of weather in an area for a long period of
time.
47. What happens to water when it cools? It expands.
48. At what temperature in Celsius does:
0 degrees boil? 100 degrees
room temperature? 22 degrees
water freeze?
49. What are the characteristics of the following air masses?
Continental Polar -dry and cold
Continental Tropical-dry and warm
Maritime Tropical- wet and warm
Maritime Polar – wet and cold
50. What do the following instruments measure?
Barometer air
pressure Thermometer temperature
Psychrometer relative humidity
Wind Vane wind direction
Anemometer wind speed
Rain gauge amount of rain fall
51. What do the following terms mean?
water evaporating from plants
evaporation - as water is heated is turns into a gas, water vapor
and rises.
precipitation- water coming back down to earth as rain, snow, sleet
or hail.
transpiration -
52. What is the major cause of weather?
The uneven heating of the Earth surface
53. What are the four major wind belts and where they are located?
1.Prevailing Westerlies found in the US (Very Strong winds)
2.Polar Easterlies found at the north and south poles
3.Trade winds found at close to the equator
4. Doldrums found at the equator
and don’t forget about the fast moving Jet Streams
On this test there will also be an scientific method experiment. Remember to
review the parts of the scientific method.