Download Français AS Grammaire

Français AS Grammaire
Nouns (naming words)
Gender of nouns (masculine/feminine)
Forming plurals - regular & irregular nouns (lápiz > lápices…)
Definite articles (el, la & los, las = the)
Indefinite articles (un & una = a/an, unos & unas = some)
Interrogative pronouns (dónde, cuándo, cuántos/as, qué, cual/es…)
Adjectives (describing words)
Agreement of adjectives (masc/fem/plural)
Position of adjectives – usually after noun, but before the noun for
gran, mal, gran and some cardinal numbers tercer, segundo, cuarto
Adjectives that change meaning if they’re before or after noun
Comparatives (más/menos… que)
Superlatives (el/la más…)
Possessive adjectives (mi/s, tu/s, su/s, nuestro/a/s, vuestro/a/s, su/s)
Demonstrative adjectives (este/a, ese/a, aquel/lla/s – estos/as, esos/as, aquellos/as)
Adverbs (words to describe verbs)
Forming adverbs adding –mente when the English ends in -ly
Quantifiers / intensifiers (demasiado/a, muy, bastante, un poco de)
Pronouns
Subject pronouns (yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ellos/as, ustedes)
Use of tú and usted/ustedes (informal vs formal register)
Reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nous, vous, se)
Direct and indirect object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les &
me, te, lo/la, nos, os, los/las)
Relative pronouns (que, quien/es, lo/s que/cual, cuyo/s, donde,
cuando…)
Emphatic pronouns (mi, ti)
Indefinite pronouns (alguno/a/s=some, ninguno/a/s = none)
Possessive pronouns (mío/a/s, tuyo/a/s, suyo/a/s, nuestro/a/s,
vuestro/a/s, suyo/a/s )
Word order of pronouns
Verb tenses
Present tense regular er, ir & re verbs –“I play/I am playing”
(stem + endings)
Present tense – irregular verbs (tener, ser, hacer & haber +irregular)
(see document Transition - Spanish grammar)
Perfect tense – “I have played/I played” (haber + past participle)
Imperfect tense – “I used to play/I was playing”
(stem + endings – AR aba, abas, aba, ábamos, ábais, aban & ER/IR
ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían)
Pluperfect tense – I had played”
(había + past participle)
Near future tense – “I am going to play” (ir a + infinitive)
Simple future tense – “I will play”
(infinitive + endings – é, ás, á, emos, áreis, an)
Conditional tense – “I would play”
(infinitive + endings – ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían)
Impersonal verbs – (llover, hacer + sol/viento, anochecer, amanecer,
nevar, granizar)
Avoiding the Passive voice – use se + 3rd person
Books are written – Se escriben libros
Subjunctive – how to form it & when to use it
Other verbs
Regular and irregular reflexive verbs (me despierto, te despiertas, se
despierta, nos despertamos, os despertais, se despiertan)
Verbs followed by an infinitive (deber, poder, querer, saber, soler,
necesitar. + infinitive…)
Verbs followed by an infinitive + preposition (tener que, haber que,
deber de + infinitive)
Acabar de + infinitive – “to have just…”
Hacer falta – “to be necessary”
Hay que + infinitive
Imperative (escucha, lee, escribe, estudia…)
Regular and irregular past participle (cantado, bailado, comprado,
comido, vivido… visto, impreso, frito, escrito…)
Negatives
Word order – around the verb (no + verb)
All negative forms (nunca, nadie, ni… ni)
General
Prepositions (a, ante, cabe, en, entre, por, para…)
When to use por and para
When to use ser and estar
When to use saber and conocer
Number, quantity and time
High numbers