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'i¡,i 'f.. Section 3 Words to Know public works construction proiects paid for by public funds relief help given to poor people B y 1"932, most Americans blamed President Hoover for not doing enough to fight the Great Depression. Many people were surprised that Hoover had no answers. They felt it was time to look to another leader. President Hoover's Actions Herbert Hoover was a smart businessman who was a millionaire by the age of 40. During World War I, he had headed the government bureau that sent food and clothing to people in need in Europe. J{irto* 'F"rt Herbert Hoover was the first President to be born west of the Mississippi River. He was bof'n in West Branch, lowa. When the Great Depression hit, Americans wondered why a smart businessman had so few plans for helping the U.S. economy. They also wondered why a man who helped Europeans in need could not find a way to help Americans. In fact, some of President Hoover's actions made the problems in the economy worse. In 1930, Hoover signed a law that hurt trade with foreign countries. As a result, fewet goods came into the United States. American businesses wete not able to sell goods overseas. The slowing of trade meant that European countries had to default on money they owed to the United States. f ¡ì '| (rF, Chapter 19 . The Great Depression . 1929-1934 363 Once President Hoover understood how serious the Great Depression was, he did take some action. President Hoover asked Congress to pass several laws to help people in the United States. L. One law started public works to put people to work. Public works are construction projects paid for by public funds, such as building roads, docks, and canals. 2. A second law cut taxes. 3. Another law lent money to banks and othár businesses. Most of Hoover's actions came too late to be helpful. Hoover's main belief was that helping people would destroy their freedom. It would make them depend too much.on the government. Hoover believed the government should not be responsible for solving the problems of the economy. What actions did President Hoover take to fight the Great Depression? A New President m President Hoover was not able to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression. Yet, he ran for a second term. Hoover tried to show that he should be chosen over Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who ran against him in the election for President. ffiu tr H 4 a lF%! b.---¡ E Franklin D. Roosevelt won the election of 1932. Roosevelt believed that the government should do more to help Americans during this difficult time. Hoover believed that Roosevelt's plan was a danger to the American way of life. According to Hoover, Roosevelt's plan would give the U.S. government too much power. Hoover saw danger in a government that was too strong. In L932, Americans elected a new President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Roosevelt won easily. The American 364 Unit 6 . Years of U ncdrtaintv i,J , 'iá 'i* ,!f " people felt a change had to be made. They hoped a new leader could do something to help the nation. For many Americans, Roosevelt's speeches were filled with hope. He called for strong government programs to care for suffering families. He called for relief payments. Relief is help given to poor people. Roosevelt said the government had a duty to "see that no citizen shall starve." When he took office, Franklin D. Roosevelt said it was the government's job to end the Great Depression "Our greatest task is to put people to work," he said, Elþft., did Franklin D. Roosevelt win the election Yot r'gSz so easily? Section 3 Review L. How did President Hoover feel about offering relief to people during the Great Depression? 2. What did Franklin D. Roosevelt call for in' helping Americans during the Great Depression? 3. Critical Thinking What did the election of L932 show about Americans' response to President Hoóver's policies? 4. Write About Gitizenship You plan to vote for Roosevelt in L932. Write a radio commercial telling why people should vote for Roosevelt. I È t lrtrì: Chapter 19. The Great Depression. 1929-1934 365