Download The Civil War

A Nation Divided:
The Civil War
Name______________________________ #_________
The Civil War started for 2 reasons. Can
you figure them out?
Reason 1
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Reason 2
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Chapter 8
A Divided Nation
Name_____________________________________ #__________
(Pages 184 and 185)
1. Read all the information and look at all of the pictures on
pages 184 and 185. Make predictions about things you will
learn in chapter eight below.
2. What time period are we studying?
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3. The Civil War started in 1861. How long ago was that? Show
how you solved this problem in the space below.
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Important Vocabulary
Directions: Use chapter 8 and the glossary of your social
studies book to define the following words.
tariff
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imports
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abolitionists
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secede
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drafted soldiers (or a draft)
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cartridges
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technology
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sacrifice
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missionaries
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Emancipation Proclamation (VERY IMPORTANT!!!)
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submarine (remember the prefix sub means under)
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Antebellum South Carolina
Thinking about Antebellum, what FACTS can be said about
slavery during this time?
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2. ________________________________________________________
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* Check on the next page to see if anything you wrote matches
up with information you MUST remember.
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Antebellum South Carolina
Facts about slavery you need to remember.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Cotton became a cash crop in Antebellum, SC. SC was the perfect place to
grow cotton because of its climate and soil conditions. Slaves were used to
plant, grow, and harvest cotton.
As cotton became more popular, more slaves were needed.
The cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney, supported the expansion of slavery.
South Carolina’s economy depended on slave labor.
The elite class owned most of the slaves.
As slavery grew, so did the wealth and power of the elite class.
Based on the facts above, answer the following
cause/effect questions below.
1. Name one effect of the invention of the cotton
gin.
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2.
Cause:
3.
Cause:
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Effect: Many elite South Carolinian planters
decided to grow cotton.
Many elite planters realized more slaves
equaled the ability to produce cotton quicker.
Effect:
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4. Which was NOT an effect of the invention of the
cotton gin?
a. cotton was easier and faster to clean
b. slavery expanded
c. indigo became a cash crop
d. cotton became a cash crop
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Directions: Use the chart below to answer each question.
1. According to the chart, how many cotton bales were
produced in 1790?
a. 3,000
b. 146,000
c. 25
d. 300
2. How many more cotton bales were produced in
1805 than in 1800?
a. 60,000
b. 400
c. 73,000
d. 36
3. What does “cotton is king” mean? You may use
your book if you need help answering this
question.
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Lesson One
Pages 186-193
1. Why did the North and South want different things from the
national government? Explain using details.
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Directions: Read pages 186 and 187. Fill out the
chart below giving details about how the North and
South were different.
North
South
2. Many southern states, including South Carolina, believed the new
tariff was unfair. Why did southern states think this?
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3. True or False: People in SC were not happy about the tariff, but
agreed to pay it to keep peace. On the lines below, provide proof
(or a reason) you know your answer is correct.
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4. John C. Calhoun claimed that South Carolina did not have to
follow the new law about paying the tariff. What was his argument
or reason for saying this?
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5. During Antebellum or Pre Civil War times many southerners
worked on _______________________________ and northerners
worked in _______________________________.
Directions: Read pages 188 and 189 with a
classmate.
Why do you think the NORTH and the SOUTH were
so divided when it came to the issue of slavery?
Write a paragraph below explaining why the NORTH
and the SOUTH felt so differently. You may work
with 1 or 2 other classmates as long as you are all
contributing to the work.
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Working to End Slavery
(Page 190 and 191)
1. There were people all over the country who worked to end slavery.
What were these people called?
a. southerners
b. abolitionists
c. blockades
d. cartridges
2. Who are the Grimke sisters? Please be VERY detailed.
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3. How did many whites in South Carolina feel about abolitionists?
Why did they feel this way?
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4. What effect would ending slavery have on South Carolina during
this time?
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5. Southerners were upset when Lincoln was
elected president because:
a. they believed he might one day end slavery, which would
threaten their way of life
b. he had a plan to raise taxes
c. he wanted the northern states to secede from the Union
d. they wanted a president who would support abolition of
slavery
6. Give evidence from your text that supports why you chose the
answer you did for number 5.
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7. Who are Fire-Eaters?
a. people who wanted to end slavery
b. people who wanted the North and South to have a
fire and declare peace
c. people who eat fire
d. people who disliked the North and wanted to leave the
Union
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8. South Carolinians were worried about Lincoln being the president.
As a result, what did they decide to do?
a. they paid more taxes
b. they fought to keep slavery
c. they protested against the abolitionists
d. South Carolina leaders called a special meeting.
The Secession Convention
Directions: Read pages 192 and 193. Answer the questions
below using details from the information that you learned.
9. What was the purpose of the Secession Convention? Be very
specific!!
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10. What was the effect of the Secession Convention?
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11. What does the word secede mean?
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12. What happened at the Secession Convention?
a. The leaders all got sick with yellow fever.
b. The leaders decided not to secede.
c. The leaders got in a fight, and nothing was solved.
d. The leaders signed the Ordinance of Secession, which said
South Carolina had left the Union.
13. The _____________________________ was a document that said
South Carolina was no longer part of the United States of America.
14. ___________________________________ was the _____________ state to
leave the union. Soon, many other southern states followed. These
states became known as _____________________________.
15. The leader of the Union states was _______________________ and the
leader of the Confederate States of America was
_______________________.
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Lesson Two
(Pages 194-197)
1. How did President Lincoln react to the southern states seceding
from the union?
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2. South Carolina seceded, but something happened that made them
more and more upset. What was it?
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3. Cause :
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Effect: The Confederates planned to attack Fort Sumter.
3. Shots were fired on April 12th, _______________ by the Confederate
soldiers on Fort Sumter. This marked the beginning of the
____________________ War.
4. The Battle at Fort Sumter lasted for ______________________ hours
until the_________________________ surrendered. The
___________________________ now had control of the fort.
Picture It!!
Look at the picture on page 195. How do you think South
Carolinians felt about watching the Battle at Fort Sumter from
their rooftops? Write a detailed description or draw a detailed
picture below that might answer the question above.
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6. The firing on Fort Sumter took place because the:
a. The Confederates wanted to destroy the fort.
b. The Union wanted to get control of the fort.
c. The Confederates wanted to punish the soldiers there.
d. The Confederates were upset that the U.S. still had control over
a fort in the south.
The Civil War Begins
(Page 196)
1. Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired?
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Study page 196. Fill out the chart below.
North
South
Name
Nickname
Color
Number of States
President
General of Army
2. TRUE or FALSE: Most of the Civil War battles took place in South
Carolina. On the lines below, provide proof (or a reason) you know
your answer is correct.
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3. TRUE or FALSE: Most states were part of the Confederacy. On the
lines below, provide proof (or a reason) you know your answer is
correct.
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4. Cause: The south did not have many factories to make guns and
bullets.
Effect:
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5. Why did Lincoln order the blockade of Charleston and the entire
South?
a. to keep southerners from escaping to the North
b. to keep the South from getting any supplies
c. to keep a closer watch on the South
d. to catch seafood along the coast
6. What were some of the effects of the blockade on people
living in the South?
7. Why did the Union take over Port Royal?
a. to get a base in the South where it could keep soldiers and
supplies
b. to capture the slaves there and make them work for the union
c. to force the white plantation owners there to leave
d. to have a place in the South where it could build textile mills
Your Job: Flag Maker
President Davis has just hired you to create a flag for the
Confederate States of America. Create your flag below (include
color) then on the lines explain why President Davis should
make your flag the official Confederate States of America Flag.
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Lesson Three
(Pages 198-201)
Directions: Read lesson three with at least one other
classmate. Write a main idea for each heading below.
The first one is done for you.
A Soldier’s Life
Almost all white men in South Carolina fought in the civil war.
Many men were drafted by the government and were forced to
fight.
Life In Camp
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Carrying Everything
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Hot and Cold
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Hardly Worth Eating
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Why Did the Soldiers Fight?
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Brothers Against Brothers
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A Message Through Wire
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The Angel of Marye Heights
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Why do you think Richard Kirkland
helped the Union soldiers? Be
prepared to defend your answer.
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Lesson Four
(Pages 202-209)
1. Even though most of the battles were fought outside SC, things
were hard for people in our state. Make a list of details that prove
the above statement.
2. Why did people start saying, “Plant corn and be free, or
cotton and be whipped.”
a. cotton wasn’t a cash crop anymore
b. SC leaders needed food for their armies
c. slaves were rebelling against their leaders
d. none of the above
plant
3. TRUE or FALSE: Everyone struggled during the Civil War except
the elite class. On the lines below, provide proof (or a reason) you
know your answer is correct.
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4. How did plantation families struggle? Be very specific.
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5. How did poor farmers struggle? Be very specific.
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Women Help the War Effort
Even though women did not fight in the day to day battles,
they played important roles in the Civil War. On the next
page, make a web that tells at least 4 ways they helped with
the war effort. Then, draw a picture that supports your web.
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Struggles for African
Americans
During the Civil War, some African Americans fought for the North and
some fought for the South. Regardless of who they fought for, all
struggled during this difficult time. List or describe a few struggles of
this group of people below.
Slaves on Plantations
African Americans Fighting
for the Union
Why was Robert Smalls considered a hero to the people in the North?
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The Penn School
(page 208)
Directions: Fill in the web below using details about the Penn School. Make sure
you write something about why this was so important to African Americans.
The Emancipation
Proclamation
(page 209)
On July 1, 1863, Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation
Proclamation that said all slaves were free. Why did this
NOT help South Carolina slaves? Using details from the
text, write your answer on the lines below.
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Lesson Five
(Pages 210-213)
The H.L. Hunley is a _____________________________________.
Explain why the H.L. Hunley (pictured above) was considered the
“south’s secret weapon.” Please be as detailed as possible.
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The Tide Turns
(Page 211)
For a while, the south won most of the battles during the Civil War.
But, then things changed. The south lost the following battles:
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Sherman’s March
1. General Sherman led a union army that took over
_________________, __________________. He then ordered his men
to march to _________________, __________________. It is here that
he did the following 4 things:
2. Many people feared that General Sherman would take over
Charleston next, so they sent important things
to_____________________________. Some families even moved there!!
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Sherman’s March Continued…
3. Sherman’s army had _________________ soldiers while the south
had less than _________________ soldiers to protect our state.
4. Why was going to ________________________ not such a great idea
after all? Use details from the text to support your answer.
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5. Below is a picture that illustrates something important that
happened during the Civil War. Use what you know and what you
have read to make an inference below on the lines.
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6. Why did people in Charleston send their families and belongings to
Columbia during Sherman’s march?
a. They wanted to be closer to the action of the war.
b. Union soldiers forced them to move to Columbia.
c. They thought Sherman would attack Charleston, and they would
be safe in Columbia.
d. They were trying to get away from a disease that broke out in
Charleston.
7. Describe two ways Sherman’s March affected South Carolina.
Effect #1
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Effect #2
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The War Finally Ends!!
1. The _________________________ surrendered to the
_______________________ marking the end of the Civil War in 1865.
2. Who won the Civil War? Write your answer below in red and blue.
I Predict…
The Civil War was now over, but our state (and
many other states) still faced troubles in 1865. Why
do you think life was still difficult? What problems
still needed to be solved?
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