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Lecture Guide: Introduction to the Civil War & Reconstruction Causes of the Civil War: _________________, _________________, & ________________ differences between the _________ & ___________ Divisions Between the North & South: The Economy o North’s economy is ___________ (trade, agriculture, & industry) o South’s economy is totally ______________ upon ________ based farming (cotton, tobacco, sugar, rice) o Slaves produced 75% of the Cotton in the South Divisions Between the North & South: Social Differences North had __________ schools, & more _________________ - South had _________ schools, & a patriarchal society - Most Northern states _____________ slavery - Very ______ African-Americans living in _________ - Slaves made up more than _____ of the population in ________ Divisions Between the North & South: Political Differences - As borders expanded people felt more __________ to their ________ over the nation as a whole - Emergence of _____ political parties, defined by _________ - Southerners generally believed in more states’ rights - North had many _______________ (public education for all, abolition, temperance movements) - South ___________ reforms & ________ changes in lifestyle Election of 1860: Lincoln’s name did not even appear on most ballots in the South Lincoln _______ without a __________ electoral vote from the South and with only _____ of the ___________ vote Lower South Secedes Outraged President could win ____________________________________ Supporters of slavery encouraged the ___________ (____________) from the Union S. Carolina led the way and 6 other states followed In February 1861 they created a new country, the ______________________ ________________ was elected President of the South Civil War Brings (1861 – 1865) Changes & Challenges: Political Change: The Civil War increased the power of the Federal Government Conscription Income Tax North instituted Nation’s first income tax to pay for war Suspension of writ of habeas corpus Both sides ______________________ during war Economic Change: The Civil War further divided the economies of the North & South ________________________ with the demand for more goods during the war _______________________ (much of the land was destroyed and slave labor was ended) Social Change: Almost as many deaths from Civil War as from EVERY other American war COMBINED! (Over 600,000 – about 2% of population) Emancipation Proclamation 13th Amendment Reconstruction (1865 – 1867): The era of rebuilding following the Civil War After the Civil War we had to determine: 1. 2.