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Transcript
The Northern Renaissance Northern Renaissance Begins Works of artists like ___________________, _____________________________ and ______________ showed the Renaissance spirit __________ Spread By the late __________ Renaissance ideas spread to northern Europe, especially _________, ____________, _______________ and _____________ By 1450 population starting to bounce back after bubonic ______________, and the _______________ Years’ War had ended Cities grew rapidly and wealthy _______________ merchants could sponsor artists What does “sponsor” mean? * to _______________ financially Sponsorship ______________________ was the first place to sponsor artists because it was rich from __________ and ____________ Italy was divided into city-states, but England and France united under strong ___________________ and rulers often sponsored artists _________________ __ of France, purchased Renaissance paintings and invited ____________________________ to retire in France Francis I also hired Italian ________________ to rebuild his castle at _____________________________, which became a showcase of French renaissance Many humanists were interested in ________________ ideas rather than _____________ themes that were popular in Italy ________________ Ideas Spread In 1494, a __________________ king launched an invasion in through northern Italy Many people (including artists) were forced to flee to a safer life in __________________ Europe Some Were German Painters _________ ____________, son of a goldsmith- many of his prints portray religious subjects; work inspired other German artists ________ _____________- specialized in paintings that looked almost photogenic in detail- enjoyed success in England, painting portraits of King Henry VIII and members of the royal family Flemish Painting (Flanders) First great Flemish Renaissance painter was _________ ______ ________ who developed techniques with oil based paints still used today Van Eyck’s paintings display unusually realistic details and reveal the personality of their subjects ___________ ___________ the Elder produced paintings about landscapes or peasant scenes Northern Writers Try to Reform Society Just like Italian art influenced northern painters, Renaissance ideas influence _____________ and _____________________ of northern Europe Writers adopted the idea of ________________, but gave it more of a ________________ slant Some northern humanists are called also _________________ humanists Christian Humanists Best known were ____________________ ______________________ of Holland and ______________ ____________ of England Desiderius Erasmus Most famous book, ______ _________ _____ ____________, poked fun of greedy merchants, heartsick lovers and pompous priests Thomas More Wrote ___________________, a book about a flawless society in 1516 French humanist, Francois Rabelais believed humans were basically good and should live by instinct rather than religious roles William Shakespeare Wrote in Renaissance _________________ Many consider him to be the greatest _____________________________ of all time The Invention That Changed the World! The ____________ ______________ During the 13th century, European printers began using ____________ printing to create whole pages to bind into books This process was too slow _____________ ___________________ reinvented moveable type around 1440 and made it more practical Each block was carved by hand with each character in position which meant a completely new carved block for each page. Gutenberg’s Printing Press Gutenberg later invented a printing press- a ____________________ that presses paper against a full tray of inked moveable type The first full-size book printed with moveable type was the _________________- known as the __________________ Bible, printed in __________ Enabled a printer to produce __________________ of copies, all exactly alike Effects For the first time, books were _____________ enough that people could buy them By ____________, presses in about 250 cities had printed between ___ and ____ million books! At first, just _____________________ books were printed, then ______________ books and _________________ manuals were printed Availability of books encouraged people to read causing a spike in ___________________ Understanding Writing in ________________________ languages increased because those who didn’t have “___________________” education could read in their own language Printers printed the Bible in ________________________, allowing more people to read it People started to _______________________ the bible for themselves and became more ______________ of priests behavior This leads to demands for religious ____________________