Download Teacher Guide - Cleveland Museum of Natural History

TEACHERGUIDE
DissectiononDemand:FetalPig
60MinuteHealthand
LifeScienceLesson
Science-to-Go!Program
Grades: 6 - 1 2 DissectiononDemand:FetalPig
Description
Objectives
Studentswillperformadissectionofafetalpig,
comparing its gross anatomy with that of a
human. Your museum educator will quiz
students on organ structure and function
throughout the dissection, and identify
interesting traits and features students may
notice on their own bodies. Real human
specimenswillbedisplayedforcomparisonwith
animalsamples,andstudentswilldiscusshabits
that may lead to health concerns of specific
organs.
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Reviewanatomyandphysiologyofa
mammal,coveringpartsofthe
cardiovascular,respiratory,
neurological,digestive,hematological,
musculoskeletalandrenalsystems.
Discusstie-instohumanhealthand
diseasesateachmajororgan.
Studentswillexamineanatomical
landmarksontheirownbody.
Ohio’sLearningStandards
Grade6:LifeScience-CellulartoMulticellular
• Cellsarethefundamentalunitoflife.
• Cellscarryonspecificfunctionsthatsustainlife.
• Livingsystemsatalllevelsoforganizationdemonstratethecomplementarynatureof
structureandfunction.
Grade8:LifeScience–SpeciesandReproduction
• Thecharacteristicsofanorganismarearesultofinheritedtraitsreceivedfromparent(s).
HighSchool:Biology:Cells
• Cellularprocesses(characteristicsofliferegulatedbycellularprocesses).
NationalHealthEducationStandards
Grade6,8-12:Standard1
• Studentswillcomprehendconceptsrelatedtohealthpromotionanddisease
preventiontoenhancehealth.
HowtoSetUpYourRoom
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Pleasehavestudentscleartheirdesksbeforetheprogrambegins.
Pleaseprovideanemptydeskorsmalltableforthemuseumeducatortosetupdisplayitems.
UsethevocabularyandadditionalresourcesprovidedinthisTeacherGuidetopreviewor
reviewprogramcontentwithyourclass.
Ifbookingmultipleprograms,transitionswillbeeasierifmuseumstaffsetsupinonlyone
location.
TheMuseumwillprovideallmaterialsfordissection.
Vocabulary
alveoli–tiny,thin-walledsacsofthelungswhereoxygenandcarbondioxideareexchanged.
anatomy–Thestructureofanorganismorthescienceofthestructureofanimalsorplants.
aorta–thelargestarteryofthebody,sendingbloodfromthehearttotherestofthebody
appendix-Anarrowvestigialprocessprojectingfromthececuminthelowerright-handpartof
theabdomenofsomemammals,includinghumans.
atrium(atria)–thesuperiorchambersoftheheart,receivingbloodfromveinsandsendingthe
blooddowntotheventricles
artery–amuscularbloodvesselthattakesbloodawayfromtheheart
cardiovascular(circulatory)system–thesystemofthebodycomposedoftheheartandblood
vessels,meanttodelivervitalcomponentstoandfromallthecellsofthebody
cecum-Thelargeblindpouchformingthebeginningofthelargeintestine.
cell–thesmallestunitoflifeinalllivingorganisms
colon-Thesectionofthelargeintestineextendingfromthececumtotherectum.
diaphragm–amusclebetweenthechestandabdomenthatmovesupanddowntopushairin
andoutofthelungs.
esophagus-Themuscularmembranoustubeforthepassageoffoodfromthepharynxtothe
stomach.
heartattack–damagetotheheartduetolowoxygenation,usuallyfrompoorbloodflowfroma
diseasedcoronaryartery
hepatic–Of,orrelatingto,theliver.
physiology–thesciencedealingwiththefunctionsandprocessesoflivingorganisms.
pulmonary–Of,relatingto,oraffectingthelungs.
rectum-Theterminalportionofthelargeintestine,extendingfromthesigmoidcolontotheanal
canal.
renal–Of,relatingto,orintheregionofthekidneys.
spleen–Alarge,highlyvascularlymphoidorgan,lyinginthehumanbodytotheleftofthe
stomachbelowthediaphragm,servingtostoreblood,disintegrateoldbloodcells,filterforeign
substancesfromtheblood,andproducelymphocytes.
thymus-Asmallglandularorganthatissituatedbehindthetopofthebreastbone,consisting
mainlyoflymphatictissueandservingasthesiteofTcelldifferentiation.Thethymusincreases
graduallyinsizeandactivityuntilpuberty,becomingvestigialthereafter.
thyroid-Atwo-lobedendocrineglandfoundinallvertebrates,locatedinfrontofandoneither
sideofthetracheainhumans,andproducingvarioushormones
tissue–thesubstanceofalivingorganismthatismadeofcells.Adoctormighttakea“tissue
sample”ofanorganthattheysuspectisdiseasedinordertolookatitscellsunderamicroscope.
trachea–Athin-walled,cartilaginoustubedescendingfromthelarynxtothebronchiandcarrying
airtothelungs.
ExtensionActivities
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Comparativeanatomy–havestudentschooseanothernon-mammalanimalandlookup
someimagesofitsinternalanatomy.Askthemtoprepareareportonwhatorgansare
similarordifferentinlocationorfunctioncomparedtomammals.
Preservedvs.FreshOrganDissection–inthepast,theMuseumhaspurchasedfresh
sheepandcowhearts,brains,eyes,andotherorgansfromlocalbutchersforourstudents
tohaveonhandwhiledissectingpreservedorgans.
SuturePractice–OnYouTube,thekeywords“surgicalknots”willbringuplotsofgood
tutorialsonhowtotieoneandtwo-handedknotswhilesuturing.Studentscanusethread
oryarntopractice,thentrysuturingoneithertheirpigafterdissection,oronathickskinnedfruit.CompanieslikeCarolinaBiologicalthatsellpreservedanimalsfordissection
alsosellsutureneedles&thread.
OnlineResourcesforTeachersandStudents
Clickthelinkbelowtofindadditionalonlineresourcesforteachersandstudents.Thesewebsitesare
recommendedbyourMuseumEducatorsandprovideadditionalcontentinformationandsomefun,
interactiveactivitiestosharewithyourclass.
CMNHEducatorsregularlyreviewtheselinksforquality.Webaddressesoftenchangesoplease
notifyusifanylinkshaveissues.
ClevelandMuseumofNaturalHistoryhttps://cmnh.org/edlinks
EducatorResourceCenter(ERC)
MaterialsforLoan
TheEducatorResourceCenteroffers
educatorworkshops,thematicteaching
kits,animaldioramas,andmoreforloanto
areateachers.
ContacttheERCat216-231-2075for
informationonindividualorschool
membership.
VisittheMuseum’sERCwebsiteformore
informationonworkshops
https://www.cmnh.org/ERC
Ifyou’reinterestedinadditionalresources
besuretocheckoutthefollowingERC
materialsorbrowseERCmaterialsonlineat
http://cmnh.hosting.l4u.com
RelatedERCkitstothistopicinclude:
TheBody’sManySystems:Propswithinthis
healthkitrevealelementaryconceptsinthe
study of the human body, including
skeletal/muscular, digestive, respiratory,
circulatory,andnervoussystem.
Hours
o MondaythroughFriday,1to5PM
o Wednesday,1to6PM
o Saturday,9AMto2PM