Download Lesson 9.3 Fact Finder Do Now

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Take out your Lesson 9.3 Fact Finders.

A. 400’s BC, Athens and Sparta were the
most powerful Greek city-states
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1. Leaders of Athens wanted more power
over other Greek city-states
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2. Leaders of Sparta feared Athens would
become stronger than they were
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a. Led to a rivalry between the two
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B. Athens placed city-states of Delian
League under an Athenian Empire
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1. They received many tributes and treasury
overflowed
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2. Pericles used this to strengthen city’s
defense walls
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a. Walls connected Athens to port of Piraeus
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b. Also invested money into the navy
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C. Sparta was alarmed by these actions
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1. Tension turned to fighting that lasted 15
years
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2. In about 445 B.C., both sides signed Thirty
Years’ War Treaty

Turn to pages 336 and 337 of your textbook
and let’s observe an Athenian warship.
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A. 14 years later, Athens and Sparta began
fighting again
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1. Sparta invaded Attica, people fled to
safety in the walls of Athens city
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1. Spartan army destroyed the abandoned
homes and crops
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2. A plague broke out in Athens killing many,
including Pericles
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B. Athens suffered through many leaders in
the following years
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B. Sparta built up its navy and defeated the
Athens in 405 B.C.
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1. The Athenians surrendered to the Spartans
a year later
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A. Spartans decided terms of peace
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1. They broke up the Athenian Empire and
limited it to 12 ships
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2. Also ordered Athens to close the port of
Piraeus and take down the city walls
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B. Sparta also took control of Athenian
government
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1. They replaced democracy with a
dictatorship
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a. This is a government with absolute power
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B. This dictatorship was an oligarchy with 30
pro-Spartan aristocrats
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i. They were known as the Thirty Tyrants,
due to their cruel rule
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ii. They threw former leaders in prison
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iii. Also killed many Athenians and forced
many others into exile
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2. Thirty Tyrants ignored Athenian laws and
took citizens’ rights away
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A. Other Greek city-states helped Athenians
by taking them in
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1. In Thebes, an exiled Athenian General
formed an army to regain Athens
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2. Thebans helped them to regain the port of
Piraeus
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a. The leader of the Thirty Tyrants was killed
in the battle
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b. Other tyrants asked Sparta for help
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B. Sparta refused to help the Thirty Tyrants,
and the Three Thousand regained control

1. They set out to restore democracy
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The Thirty Tyrants were overthrown, and the
new leaders tried to restore Athenian
democracy. Since many people still wanted
strong leaders, Athenian democracy never
fully recovered.
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A. Athens and Sparta had both suffered from
years of fighting

1. Sparta tried to regain trade and power by
conquering city-states under Persian
Control
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B. Corinth, Athens, Argos formed the
Corinthian Alliance in 375 BC
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1. Sparta defeated the alliance
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C. Soon after, Athens and 70 other city-states
allied with Thebes to defeat Sparta
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1. In 371BC, the alliance defeated Sparta
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2. Thebes freed Sparta’s helots and allowed
them to form their own city-state, Messene
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D. Resentment towards Thebes’s power
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1. Athens and its allies attacked Thebes but
lost
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a. Theban leader was killed in battle
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b. Thebes lost power over Greece
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E. The city-states of Greece continued to
fight over power
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1. Competition for power and wealth led to
conflicts
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a. This led Greece to become unstable

What events led to a rivalry between Sparta
and Athens?
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What did Pericles do to prepare Athens for
war?
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Who were the Thirty Tyrants?
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How did Athens government change
following its independence?