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 Defeating Barbary States
 American Involvement with France and Great Britain
Defeating Barbary States
 Barbary states made up Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia, and
Tripoli
 Pirates from these countries began raiding these ships
following the Revolutionary War
 Enslaved sailors for ransom
 Tribute-money paid by one country to another in
return for protection
 Jefferson sends warships to the Mediterranean Sea to
protect American ships
 Marine force marched 600 miles across the Sahara and
captured Tripoli
Great Britain and France
 By 1803 Great Britain and France are at war with one
another again
 U.S. remained neutral but traded with both
 Between 1803-1807, France seized 500 American ships
and Great Britain seized more than a 1000
 Jefferson orders an embargo against both Great Britain
and France
 The embargo hurts the American economy and leads
to many people smuggling goods
 The Embargo Act was repelled in 1809 just before
Jefferson left office
The War of 1812
 In the early 1800’s Americans continued to move West
which greatly impacted the Native Americans
 Many died from diseases and had their food sources
taken from them
 Several Native Americans including Tecumseh led a
resistance movement
 Governor of Indiana, William Henry Harrison
attempts to put a stop to Tecumseh
 He marches 1,000 troops against the Shawnee in the
Battle of Tippecanoe
 The Native American resistance movement declined
rapidly after this battle
 Tensions were high with Great Britain when Madison
becomes president in 1809 because they had been
supplying weapons to Native Americans
 Many Americans felt a new sense of nationalism
 Warhawks
 Great Britain refused to stop seizing American ships
and the Native Americans were beginning new attacks
on the frontier settlements
 This causes the United States to declare war on Great
Britain in the spring of 1812
 Tough for Great Britain because they are already
focused on fighting France
 The United States was not prepared for war at first
because of the cuts made to the military by Jefferson
 First battle was a Navy battle won by the United States
 Both the Americans and British were looking for
control of the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River
 Many Americans were wanting to invade Canada
 General William Hull led an unsuccessful invasion of
Canada
 The Americans won an important 3 hour battle at Put-
In-Bay under the leadership of Oliver Perry
 William Henry Harrison defeated the British in the
Battle of Thames in which Tecumseh was killed
 In South, Andrew Jackson led the Americans to a
major victory in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend
 In 1814, the British defeated the French which allowed
them to focus more on the United States
 The British attacked and burned the White House
 British then attacked Fort McHenry in Baltimore
 After a night of fighting the flag was still standing
 Led to ‘the Star-Spangled Banner’
 Christmas Eve, 2014 the Treat of Ghent ends the war
 After the treaty, Andrew Jackson led the American
forces to a great victory over the British at New Orleans
(Treaty hadn’t reached the United States yet)
 Many saw this as the United States officially fighting
off Great Britain to gain full independence