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How did the civil service exam
affect the Song Gov’t? Also what
were some of the new inventions
and their affect during these
dynasty's?
BELL RINGER
READ 10 MIN
MONGOL EMPIRE/PARTNER ACTIVITY
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Look on page 332-333 look at all the visuals,
graphics, and captions in the section. Make a
list of all you see and what do these images
reveal about the section. Summarize your
findings in a short paragraph explaining what
you think the images will reveal.
NOMADS
Constantly attacked China from the north. Lived in
steppes/grasslands across north-central Eurasia.
Pastoralists, which are?
 Obtain items they lacked traded with local villages
or took what they want
 Huns, Turks and Mongols emerged as powerful
nomadic people. Mongols herded sheep/goats,
what did they use these for?
 Skilled with horses, tough/fierce from living in a
harsh environment and always competing for
scarce resources
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MONGOL RULE
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Separated by clans, Khan – chief of clan, got power by
military skills/leadership ability
1100’s Khan Temujin united Mongols, in 1206 took title
Genghis Khan “Universal Ruler” – would lead for 21 yrs
Genghis Khan demanded strict discipline/complete
loyalty. In preparation for blood
Taught his army to stalk and trap enemy like prey
“In daylight, watch with the vigilance (careful
observation) of an old wolf, at night with the eyes of the
raven. In battle, fall upon the enemy like a falcon”

TPS how does this make you feel/what do you think of the
Mongols?
CONTINUED…
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Battle tactics = brutality/psychological warfare, burned
any town/killed inhabitants of any towns that resisted
them. Sent agents to warn of brutality and huge numbers
of Mongols. Many towns would surrender without a fight.
Genghis led men into China then set sites on Islamic
region, within 19 years taken over central Asia
He was a brilliant organizer – men assembled in armies
of 10,000 ; 1,000 man brigades; 100 man companies ;
10 man squads.
Gifted strategist – trick by attacking with small horses,
when the enemy followed would sweep in with entire
army
Was cruel – terrified his enemies to surrender
MONGOL RULE
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As Genghis Khan led the Mongols they could not be stopped.
Became expert in siege warfare & use of gunpowder
Died of Illness, Deathbed said “With Heaven’s aid I have
conquered for you a huge empire. But my life was too short
to achieve the conquest of the world. That task is left for
you.” Sons/Grandsons took the challenge.
TPS what does this quote teach us of Genghis/Mongols.
Grandsons took sections of empire to conquer neighbors,
under leadership of Great Khan.
Got as far as Western Europe and stopped only bc Great
Khan died

Millions of people died, entire cities annihilated
THE MONGOL CONQUESTS PARTNER ACTIVITY
CONTINUED….
Mongols ruled fairly peacefully, allowing locals
to live as pleased as long as tribute paid
 Established peace/stability across Asia –
referred to as Pax Mongolia – Mongol Peace
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 TPS
what peace do you believe they provided/what
success happened?
Adopted Islam/Protected Silk Roads/Brought
compass, gunpowder, printing westward
GREAT KHAN/ECONOMY
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Kublai Khan became Great Khan (grandson of Genghis),
ruled N China sought to defeat Song Dynasty in South
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Wanted Chinese to like him how do you believe he
achieved this?
Moved Capital to Beijing, gave dynasty Chinese name
Yuan Dynasty, built lavish palace/walls in Chinese style,
left gov’t in place.

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Succeeded after 44 years, became china’s new emperor
Yet did not trust Chinese, could not marry Mongols/could
not own weapons & serve in military/taxed higher
Trade flourished, Europeans began to visit East/Marco
Polo
KUBLAI KAHN READ/ACTIVITY
MARCO POLO
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Italian trader from Venice, visited with Khan ended up
working for him going on 17 different missions for the
Yuan ruler
Came home and captured in battle, told prisoner who
wrote of Chinese adventures/huge success
Unsure if true/never mentioned two key intriguing
aspects of Chinese society which are??
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Footbinding/tea drinking
Did speak of Coal which was only known/used in China @
the time
Main reason for intrigue in China/East
Children’s game played today still
MARCO POLO READ
DEFEAT OF MONGOLS
Mongols mainly defeated by war/nature, twice
tried to invade Japan, storm wiped out 900
ships while fought on land, second attempt
Japanese held off Mongols for 50 days until
storm wiped out fleet again
 Japanese referred to these storms in
reverence, calling them Kamikaze, “divine
wind” , when else in history is kamikaze used?
TPS
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ELBOW PARTNER WORK
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Partner Work, Study the map on P. 334 and
answer the accompanying questions found on
the page
P. 348 ASSESSMENT
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Terms & Main Ideas Q. 1-18