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The Mongol Empire
Ch 3.2
Genghis Khan and the Mongols
• Mongols lived in
Northern china.
– Encouraged the skill of
battle into its people.
– They were great
horsemen
• Could cover 100 miles a
day.
• Special saddles and
steel stirrups.
– Enabled a high rate of
bow and arrow fire.
– Surround their
enemies, shower them
with arrows.
– Mongols started their
conquest in 1206.
Ghengis Khan
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Ghenghis Khan lived from 11621227.
They easily conquered cnetral
asia and most of
Persia(Bagadad), Tibet and
southeast asia
Failed to invade
Japan……….Storm stopped
them……Divine wind.
Batu, grandson to Ghenghis
invaded Europe in 1240.
– Controled russia, poland, and
hungary.
• Typically they plundered the
city and enslaved or killed the
people living there.
• Europeans called them the
Golden Horde (color of tents)
Kublai Khan
• Kublai dynasty was
called the Yuan.
– Covered most of
northern china,
headquartered in
Beijing.
– Under the Mongols
China prospered.
• Population began to
grow.
• Extended the Grand
canal.
• Started trade routes
to the south
Contact with Europeans
• King Louis IX and the
Pope sent embassadors
to China.
• Missionaries also
traveled there with
traders.
• Marco Polo, at
seventeen, traveled to
China.
– Took three years
– Kublai employed him as
a special representitive.
• Stayed in China for 17
years.
Mongol / Chinese Relations
• Yuan Dynasty did a lot of good for the
Chinese, but there were still tensions.
– They spoke different languages.
– Mongols did not treat the chinese as equals.
– Punishments were harsher for chinese.
• When Kublai died in 1294.
– China experienced many problem, flooding and
famine caused revolts.
– 1368, the mongols were forced out.