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Download Unit 2-3 1776-1865 KEY Terms+Concepts
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Transcript
The “Critical Period” – Establishing a stable United States Government 1780s Reasons 4 US Independence 1763-1776 1. 2. 3. 4. Proclamation Line Mercantilism Trade limits “No Taxation w/out…” T. Paine Common Sense Articles of Confederation • • • • • 1781-1787 1. 2. 3. 4. “League of Friendship” = weak Union Unable to Tax 13 States effectively No Executive or Judicial branch …did pass NW Ordinance for new states Unable to deal w/ Shays’ Rebellion 1786 US Constitution Compromises • • • Louisiana Purchase Treaty 1803 1. Port City = New Orleans 2. Control Mississippi River 3. Doubled USA territory 4. Treaty = loose interpretation Hamilton Financial Plan Debt Consolidation Bank of United States Tariffs for Industry Whiskey Excise Tax 1787 Great Compromise = House + Senate 3/5 Compromise = slavery + representation Electoral College = indirect Presidential election George Washington Ratification Debate + Bill of Rights Federalists vs 17871791 Anti-Federalists 1st 10 Amendments = protect liberties Free speech-press-religion-assembly-petition Rights of the Accused Right2BearArms States’ Rights/Reserved Power precedents 1. Cabinet appointments 2. Hamilton Plan 3. Whiskey Rebellion 4. Neutrality foreign policy 5. 2 Term Limit Reasons 4 US Independence 1763-1776 The “Critical Period” – Establishing a stable United States Government 1780s Articles of Confederation 1781-1787 1. 2. 3. 4. US Constitution Compromises Louisiana Purchase Treaty 1803 1. 2. 3. 4. Hamilton Financial Plan 1. 2. 3. 4. D B T W 1787 George Washington Ratification Debate + Bill of Rights 17871791 precedents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Marbury v Madison = Judicial Review Marshall Court 1801-35 McCulloch v Maryland = Gibbons v Ogden = Federal Supremacy Federal Supremacy Spoils System =political favoritism Andrew Jackson Presidency 1829-1837 Veto of BUS Trail of Tears = eliminates power + corruption of National Bank = enforces the Indian Removal Act Neutrality Monroe Doctrine 1823 USA protects the Western Hemisphere USA will not intervene in European Wars Maine = “Free State” pleases NORTH Missouri Compromise 1820 Missouri = 36*30’ “Slave State” North Latitude = boundary prohibiting further slavery pleases SOUTH Women’s Suffrage Movement Begins Seneca Falls, NY Convention 1848 “We hold these truths…all men + women are created equal “ Elizabeth Cady Stanton = author William Lloyd Garrison “The Liberator” newspaper Abolition Movement Frederick Douglass “The North Star” newspaper Harriet Tubman Undergrou nd RR NORTH = More industrial + less slavery Lowell Factory System Sectionalism North v South SOUTH = Cotton plantations + more slavery South Carolina + tariff nullification crisis Oregon Treaty 1846 Manifest Destiny 1840s Texas Annexation 1845 Mexican Cession 1848 California = Free State Compromise 0f 1850 Popular Sovereignty in New Mexico Territory Fugitive Slave Laws Strengthened Popular Sovereignty = settlers decide slavery KansasNebraska Act 1854 Results in “Bleeding Kansas” Opposed by new sectional Republican Party Slavery protected = property right Dred Scott 1857 US Supreme Court Decision Reinforces Popular Sovereignty Failed Raid on US Arsenal John Brown 1859 Goal = arm slaves to win freedom Trial + Execution divided North v South Republican Abraham Lincoln Wins Election of 1860 Issue = Popular Sovereignty + spread of slavery Southern Democrats will begin secession Southern States Secession 1860-1861 11 States form CSA Confederate against Lincoln + Republicans Must stop Secession Lincoln Presidency North Union Vs Southern Confederacy Lincoln faces criticism in North Suspends Habeas Corpus Lincoln Executive Actions Emancipation Proclamation Pardons + POW issues Sectionalism Challenges Nationalism Manifest Destiny +Slavery = Civil War Why was President Jackson important ? 1. 2. 3. 4. Marshall, Monroe, Jackson =Nationalism 1. Marshall Court = Federal Supremacy 2. Monroe Doctrine = neutrality 3. President Jackson = powerful executive • BUS veto…to end corruption • Indian Removal Act enforced • Spoils system to remove opposition What events caused 11 States to secede? 1. 2. 3. 4. Manifest Destiny reveals Sectionalism 1. Missouri Compromise 1820 =36*30’ 2. Texas Annexation 1845 3. Mexican War +Mexican Cession 4. Compromise 1850 +fugitive slave laws 5. Kansas-Nebraska 1854 +popular sovereignty What issues divided America 1820-1860 ? 1. 2. 3. 4. Sectionalism / Secession / Lincoln 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Dred Scott…slavery = property right Republican Party = not in South Lincoln Election = Southern secession Lincoln must “preserve union” Lincoln suspends habeas corpus + issues Emancipation Proclamation What did Lincoln do as President to “preserve the Union” ? 1. 2. 3. 4.
