Download Copy of Sexual Propagation Method of Horticulture Plants.ppt

Introduction:
Plant propagation is an important facet of horticulture
nursery management.
knowledge
and
It requires a lot of skill,
experience
to
propagate
plants
economically. Plant propagation is necessary for mass
production of plants for sale, production of new and
better varieties, improve the quality of plants.
Sexual Propagation:
A mode of reproduction involving the fusion of female
gamete and male gamete to form a zygote that potentially
develops into genetically distinct offspring.
The characters of Sexual Propagation:
• Reproduction of plants with the use of seeds.
• Requires the union of pollen and egg to produce the
seed.
• Improvement of plant characters is possible.
•May require years to produce the desired seed
Parts of a Seed
Types of Sexual Reproduction:
Sexual reproduction takes place through seeds. There are 2
methods of planting seeds,
1. Direct Seeding:
Seeds are planted directly into the soil outdoors where the
plants are intended to be grown.
2. Indirect Seeding:
Seeds planted indoors or in protected conditions in containers
of germination medium. Once germinated and grow into
seedling, then transplanted outdoors into permanent location.
Criteria of Successful Seed Germination
1. Site selection: With adequate sunlight & soil drainage.
2. Seedbed preparation: Need loose, fine soil free from
weeds and stones.
3. Time of Planting: Determined by germination temperature
required by seeds.
4. Planting depth and spacing- Need to be sown at proper
planting depths and spacing to promote good growth of
root system. If unknown, plant 3 to 4 times width of seed.
Maturity size and number of plants is optimum with
optimum spacing.
5. Moisture: Water when first planted. Keep soil moist, but
avoid water logging.
Desirable Conditions for Germination:
1. Moisture- proper moisture is necessary for germination.
Mist after planting and when media dries.
2. Temperature-
most
seeds
germinate
best
at
the
temperature of 21 to 27oC.
3. Light- needed by some plants, move seedling trays to
direct sunlight.
Measures to Avoid Seed Dormancy
• Seed coat: Often needs to be scarified, broken or softened.
• Embryo: May need certain temperature exposure called
stratification.
Care to be taken while transplanting seedlings:
• Handle carefully to avoid injury of the stem, leaves, or roots.
• Need to be hardened-off.
• Exposure to cooler temperatures and less frequent watering
to prepare for transplant shock