Download Literature Review Nonverbal Communication

Comm 1312: Writing and Research
Section 203, Dr. Runna Alghazo
Name: Aishah Alamri
ID: 201202069
Major: Interior Design
Assignment 3: Literature Review
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Nonverbal Communication
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Communication is a huge need for people.People communicate with others to live, learn
and experience life. Communication is divided in to two sections verbal communication and
nonverbal communication. Verbal communication is based on using words and sounds to
communicate. In the other hand nonverbal communication is sending visible massages without
sounds to people. The massages contain feelings and thoughts and people show them by their
postures or gestures.
This literature review will written with the questions theme. This paper will addressee the
meaning of nonverbal communication and what is it? and will focus on how much of
communication is nonverbal. The review will answer why do people use nonverbal
communication ? and then how can humans read nonverbal communication?.
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What is nonverbal communication?
This book (A. Pease, & B. Pease,2004) says that ’’Most researchers now agree that words are
used for conveying information, while body language is used for negotiating’’.Non verbal
communication shows the condition of the mind. A hand movement could reveal the real feeling
or thoughts in the brain. For example a woman who is conscious of her belly fat may smooth her
dress down a lot.
Similarly in (T. Gamble,& M.Gamble,2013) says nonverbal communication ‘‘it is an
actions humans do including their appearance,use of objects,sound,time,smell and space ’’.
Nonverbal communication reveals a person state of mind and the real feeling without being
aware or having a conscious control over it such as facial expressions, eye movement, gestures.
By non verbal communication people can change the meaning or the understanding of the verbal
massages. For example winking at the end of the words .
The same in (Butland,2012) ‘‘nonverbal communication is a complex system of
behaviors and meanings’’. Also nonverbal communication is any communication without the use
of words spoken or written. Nonverbal communication is the way people move , the tone of their
voice, the eye movement, the space between people and the way they dress.
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How much of communication is nonverbal?
According to (A. Pease, & B. Pease,2004) book they talk about nonverbal
communication and how much is it from communication in general. A body language researcher
Albert Mehrabian in the 1950s found out that people use vocal massages 38% in the same time
they use 55% nonverbal. Like Mehrabian found out in 1970s-1980s that in a conversation face to
face less than 35% is verbal and more than 65% is non verbal.
In the book (J. Navarro, &M. Kartins, 2008) they say non verbal communication is
approximately 60% to 65% of communication and it includes touching, posture, clothes, timbre
and voice volume.
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Why people use nonverbal communication?
“ People are not always aware they are communicating nonvebally” (J. Navarro, &M.
Kartins, 2008). People use non verbal communication unconsciously. It always reflect the true
state of the mind but people can learn it to improve their life and people use non verbal
communication because it is universal “it works everywhere” when learning the meaning of a
non verbal behavior people can use it in lots of different environment.
More reasons in (T. Gamble,& M.Gamble,2013) people use non verbal communication to
show displeasure to others with out using verbal communication and to show emotions verbal
communication some times can not express deep emotions but facial expressions can. “A
slumped over posture and a scowl on your face can suggest that you are unhappy wile your
clinched fist and tense muscles can communicate just how unhappy you might be”. People use
non verbal communication in their appearance to change the why others respond to them and
protecting themselves from judgments and the cultural by dressing or grooming people respond
differently.
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How can we read nonverbal communication?
Researchers believed that people who interpret and read non verbal communication will
be more successful in life (J. Navarro, &M. Kartins, 2008). For example people tend to lean
away from each other when they are feeling uncomfortable around each other and an eye block
when a person cover his or her eyes it shows one of tree things consternation, disbelief, or
disagreement.When studying non verbal behavior especially negative experience the people
action after it use to calm them down after the un pleasant experience the brain give the body
comfort. For example asking a person a question and they answered with ‘NO’ and then the
coved there neck that mean that they are uncomfortable or afraid.
Similarly in (A. Pease, & B. Pease,2004)” non verbal communication signals are the
same all over the world”. Smile means happens, a scowl shows anger or sadness and nodding the
head is universally noun means ‘YES’. In these book there are tree rules for accurate
reading ,reading gestures in grops not one by one , look for congruence people always be lave
what they see not what they hear , read gestures in context.
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This literature review has compared some sources to fiend the answer of some questions,
the meaning of non verbal communication it is communicating with others with out the use of
words and then much of communication is nonverbal it is more than 60% after that the paper
reviewed why do people use nonverbal communication to express emotion and improve their life
, and the last question how can humans read nonverbal communication by some rules and
studying.
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