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MIDDLE COLONIES
Chapter 3 Lesson 3
BELL RINGER
Separatists (Puritans) were persecuted because of their religious
beliefs in England so in 1620 they decided to move to America for
freedom of religion in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Puritans
had little tolerance for different beliefs, criticized others for not
sharing the same belief, and set strict religious-based rules.
Based on this information, explain why some people might have
left the Massachusetts Bay Colony and formed other colonies.
MIDDLE
COLONIES
The middle colonies were
under control of the Dutch
West India Company. The
company offered large grants
of land to anyone who would
bring over 50 settlers to
increase the colonies
population. Those who
received the land grants were
called patroons and ruled like
kings (they had their own
courts and laws) . Settlers
owed the patroons labor and a
share of their crops.
Present-day New York was
New Netherland. The main
settlement of New
Netherland was New
Amsterdam, on Manhattan
Island. This location had a
good seaport with access to
the Hudson River. The river
served as a major
transportation route to a land
rich of farms, forests, and
furs so New Amsterdam
became a major center of
shipping to and from the
Americas.
NEW NETHERLAND
BECOMES NEW YORK
The English wanted control of the prosperous
Dutch colony of New Netherland. In 1664 the
English sent a fleet to attack New Amsterdam.
Peter Stuyvesant, governor of the colony,
surrendered it to English forces without a fight.
England’s King Charles gave the colony to his
brother Duke of York, who renamed it New York.
New York was a proprietary colony in which an
owner (proprietor) owned all the land and
controlled the government. It wasn’t until 1692
New Yorkers could elect their legislature.
New York was prosperous and
diverse (Dutch, German, Swedish,
and Native American People) with
the first Jewish population. In 1664
NY had 8,000 residents with 300
slaves and grew to be the fastest
growing population in 1683 swelled
to 12,000 people.
FOUNDING
NEW JERSEY
The Duke of York decided to
divide his colony. He gave the
land between the Hudson and
Delaware Rivers to Lord John
Berkeley and Sir George Carteret
who name the colony New Jersey
(after Jersey were Carteret was
born). Proprietors offered large
tracts of land and also promised
freedom of religion, trial by jury,
and a representative assembly.
New Jersey had a diverse population of
different racial, religious, and ethnic
backgrounds. New Jersey had no natural
harbors, so it did not develop a major port
or city like New York. New Jersey’s
proprietors made few profits and
eventually sold their shares of the colony.
By 1702 New Jersey became a royal
colony, but the colonists continued to
make local laws.
PENNSYLVANIA
The Quakers (Protestant group that had
been persecuted in England) founded the
colony of Pennsylvania. In 1680 William
Penn, a wealthy English Quaker, received
the land from King Charles (debt owed from
the king to Penn’s father). Pennsylvania or
“Penn’s Woods”, stretched inland from the
Delaware River. This colony was nearly as
large as England.
William saw Pennsylvania as a “Holy Experiment”, a chance to put
his Quaker ideals into practice. The Quakers (Society of Friends)
believed everyone was equal. People could follow their “Inner Light”
rather than a religious leader. Quakers were also pacifists (people
who refused to use force or fight in wars).
Penn was an active proprietor who, in 1682, sailed to America to
supervise the building of Philadelphia- “brotherly love”. Penn
designed the city himself and wrote Pennsylvania's constitution. He
also believed the land belonged to Native Americans and the
settlers should pay for it.
DELAWARE
Penn advertised his colony throughout Europe so that in
1863 3,000 English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, and German
settlers had arrived. In 1701, in the Charter of Privileges,
Penn granted the colonists the right to elect
representatives to the legislature and Philadelphia
quickly became America’s most popular port and
prosperous city.
People from Sweden had settled in Pennsylvania before
the Dutch and then the English took over the area. Penn
allowed these southern counties to form their own
legislature. The counties then functioned as a separate
colony known as Delaware. However Delaware
remained under Pennsylvania’s governor.
Create a newsletter to
encourage settlers to move to
the Middle Colonies.
You need:
-Title
-Colonies and their features
-2 Important Dates and
description
-Reasons to live in Middle
Colonies
-Map of all four Middle Colonies
(Label Colonies)
-2 Fun Facts about Middle
Colonies