Download Unit 8 Vocabulary _ Evolution

Name:_____________________Period:_________
Unit 8 Vocabulary _ Evolution
PAGE 1
_____1.
E
Evolution
H Fossils
_____2.
_____3.
Abiogenesis
J
A. Theory that living things come only from other living
things, by reproduction.
B. The science of determining the relative order of past
events (i.e., the age of an object in comparison to
another), without necessarily determining their
absolute age, (i.e. estimated age).
C. The process whereby organisms better adapted to their
environment tend to survive and produce more
offspring. The theory of its action was first fully
expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be
the main process that brings about evolution.
A
_____4.
Biogenesis
D. may cause either the gain of a new feature, or the loss
of an ancestral feature
_____5.
G
E. The change in the heritable characteristics of biological
populations over successive generations. Creating new
species.
F. The process of determining an age on a specified
chronology in archaeology and geology. Some scientists
prefer the terms chronometric or calendar dating, as
use of the word "absolute" implies an unwarranted
certainty of accuracy.
Inherited
Trait
I
_____6.
Species
D
_____7.
Evolutionary
Adaptation
B
_____8.
Relative
Dating
F
_____9.
Absolute
Dating
C
_____10.
Natural
Selection
G. A trait or character that is genetically inherited or
passed down from generation to generation.
H. Any preserved evidence of life from a past geological
age; impressions and remains of organisms embedded
in stratified rocks. Mineralized remains of an animal or
plant.
I. A group of closely related organisms that are very
similar to each other and are usually capable of
interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
J. the supposed spontaneous origination of living
organisms directly from lifeless matter—called also
spontaneous generation
Name:_____________________Period:_________
Unit 8 Vocabulary _ Evolution
PAGE 2
A. The various structures in different species having the
G
_____1.
Mimicry
_____2.
E Homologous
Structures
_____3.
Analogous
A
Structures
F
_____4.
Vestigial
Structures
same function but have evolved separately, thus do
not share common ancestor. ... Examples of
analogous structures are as follows: wings of insects
and birds used for flying.
B. A mode of
natural selection in which a
single phenotype is
favored, causing the allele frequency to continuously
shift in one direction.
C. A mode of natural selection in which
it favors the intermediate variants. It
reduces phenotypic variation and
maintains the status quo.
D. The process by which a species evolves into two or
more descendant or different forms.
E. An example of an organ or bone that appears in
C
_____5.
Stabilizing
Selection
B
_____6.
Directional
Selection
I
_____7.
Disruptive
Selection
D Divergent
_____8.
Evolution
H
_____9.
Convergent
Evolution
different animals, underlining anatomical
commonalities demonstrating descent from a
common ancestor. In other words, it's when very
different animals have bones that appear very similar
in form or function and seem to be related.
F. A structure in an organism that has lost all or most of
its original function in the course of evolution.
G. The resemblance of one organism to another or to an
object in its surroundings for concealment and
protection from predators.
H. The process whereby organisms not closely related
independently evolve similar traits as a result of
having to adapt to similar environments or ecological
niches.
I. Also called diversifying selection, describes changes
in population genetics in which extreme values for a
trait are favored over intermediate values. In this
case, the variance of the trait
increases and the population is
divided into two distinct groups.
Name:_____________________Period:_________
Unit 8 Vocabulary _ Evolution
PAGE 3
A. Refers to the situation where different species may
D Speciation
_____1.
I
_____2.
Genetic
Variability
F
_____3.
Mutation
C
_____4.
Genetic
Recombination
live in the same area, but properties of individuals
prevent them from interbreeding. Gene Flow is
prevented between two populations of the same
species. May have different mating calls or seasons.
B. The influence of closely associated species on each
other in their evolution. Two or more species having a
close ecological relationship evolve together such that
one species adapt to the changes of the other,
thereby affecting each other's evolution.
C. The process of forming new allelic combination in
offspring by exchanges between genetic materials.
This process is a natural process, such as the crossing
over between homologous chromosomes during
meiosis.
D. The formation of new and distinct species in the
course of evolution.
E. Theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that
_____5.
H Limiting Factor
_____6.
Reproductive
A
Isolation
once species appear in the fossil record they will
become stable, showing little evolutionary change for
most of their geological history. This state is called
stasis.
F. Occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in
such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by
that gene.
G. A term that refers to a population of animals, plants,
B
_____7.
Coevolution
_____8.
Punctuated
E
Evolution
_____9.
Geographic
G
Isolation
or other organisms that are separated from
exchanging genetic material with other organisms of
the same species.
H. Something present in the environment in such short
supply that it restricts life processes.
I. (The tendency of individual genetic characteristics in a
population to vary from one another. The potential of
a genotype to change or deviate when exposed to
environmental or genetic factors.