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Covenant
Lesson 1
Greek and Hebrew Meanings
• Hebrew:
• Beriyth: a pledge or an agreement; a compact that is
made by passing between pieces of flesh, a
confederacy or a league. (Strongs)
• Karath: to make an alliance, bargain
• Greek:
• Diatheke: a disposition, a contract, a testament, or a
covenant. (Strongs)
GOD and Noah
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First mention of Covenant Gen. 6:18
Between: God, Noah and his descendants
God initiated with Noah and all living creatures
Noah was blameless; walked with God
Covenant promise: never to bring a flood to destroy
the earth again
• Sign: Genesis 9:12 First mention. Rainbow
GOD and Abram
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Genesis 15 Initiated by God
With Abram
Promise: descendants, land
Abram brought: One 3 year old heifer
One 3 year old female goat
One 3 year old ram
A dove and pigeons
GOD and Abram
• Bloodshed: Abram cut the animals in half, but not
the birds.
• He laid each half opposite the other
• A smoking oven and a flaming torch passed
between the pieces of flesh – Covenant was cut
Genesis 17
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Made: Karath – to cut off, cut down
Abram was 99, Sarai was 90 (vs.17)
God changed their names
God promised descendants and Land of Canaan
Circumcision was the sign
God initiated it ALL
Genesis 28:10-22
• Same promises are made to Jacob, Isaac’s son
• Jacob’s descendants would be as numerous as the
dust
• All families of the earth would be blessed
• Land and descendants
• Jacob made a vow: an oath, a solemn binding
agreement
• He set up a pillar as a reminder
Men’s Covenants
• Gen. 21:22-34 Abraham and Abimelech
• Promised they would not deal falsely with one
another, but with kindness
• Genesis 26: 23-31 Abimelech initiated a covenant
with Isaac for the same reason as with Abraham:
fear
• Had a feast and exchanged oaths
Men’s Covenants
• Genesis 31:43-55 Laban initiated a covenant with
Jacob.
• Same basis: fear
• Set up a pillar as a reminder and witness
• Named it: Galeed and Mizpah = watchtower
• Ate a meal
GOD and Israel
• Exodus 24:1-11 God initiated with people of Israel
• God kept His Covenant and delivered them after
400 years of captivity
• The descendants of Abraham were estimated at over
2 million at the time of the Exodus
• Moses received the Word from the Lord and built
an altar
GOD and Israel
• Moses took half the blood and sprinkled it on the
altar, the other half on the people
• The people took an oath: “All that the Lord has said,
we will do.”
• Nobles of Israel went up on the mountain, saw God,
ate and drank and did not die.
• Same as Abraham: Blood, oath, meal
Elements of Covenant
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Sacrifice, feast or eating and drinking
God initiates
Man initiates
Covenant with Israel was conditional: They agreed
to be obedient to the Lord
Jesus and Believers
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New Covenant: between Jesus and believers
Matt. 26:20-29 Jesus initiated
Bread signified His body, the cup His blood
Luke 22:17-20 New Covenant in His blood
Isaiah 42:5-9 God appointed His servant Jesus as a
Covenant to the people
• Malachi 3:1-2 Jesus is the Messenger of the New
Covenant
Covenants
God with Men
• Noah and every living
thing
• Abraham
• Isaac
• Jacob
• Israel
Old Covenant (Law)
• Jesus with believers
New Covenant
Men with Men
• Abimelech and
Abraham
• Abimelech and Isaac
• Laban and Jacob