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CH 3- SECT 1 THE 6 PRINCIPALS OF THE US CONSTITUTION 1. Popular Sovereignty 2. Limited Government 3. Separation of powers 4. Checks and Balances 5. Judicial Review 6. Federalism THE CONSTITUTION IS BUILT ON 6 PRINCIPLES Preamble 1. Article I 2. Article II 3. 4. Article III 5. Article IV 6. Article V Article VI Article VI THE CONSTITUTION IS BUILT ON 6 PRINCIPLES Preamble The People rule 1. Popular sovereignty Art I Legislative Branch 3 separate branches 2. Separation of Powers Art II Executive Branch -Powers granted & denied -Powers overlap 3. Limited Govt 4. Checks and Balances Article III Judicial Branch Power to declare laws “ Unconstitutional” 5. Judicial Review Art IV Relations among the States -Creates Federal Structure -States have “reserved powers” 6. Federalism Art V Amendment Process Involves both Natl and State Govts. Federalism Art VI Supremacy Clause National Law supreme over State Law Federalism Ratified by States Federalism Art VII Ratification THE 6 PRINCIPLES OF THE CONSTITUTION Preamble-“We the people” -6 purposes: more perfect union justice peace protection general welfare liberty 1. Popular Sovereignty SEPARATION OF POWER 2.Art I Legislature Art II Executive Art III Judicial Separate * Structure/ term/ qualifications * Manner of Election 2 . Separation of Power LIMITED GOVERNMENT CHECKS & BALANCES 3. Limited Government *Each article includes“ enumerated” Powers that are delegated & denied. 10 th Amendment= Reserved Powers for the states. 4. Checks & Balances Powers that affect the other two branches. Each branch is subject to restraints by the other 2 branches. 5. JUDICIAL REVIEW * Power is not literally in the Constitution, so how do we know the framers intended to give the Judicial Branch this power??? 5.Art III= “one supreme cour t” = courts have the FINAL say on questions concerning laws and acts of government. Federalist Papers #78 & #51 = Judicial power is …”precaution against possible dominance of one branch of the government over the other.” Established in the case Marbur y V. Madison 6. FEDERALISM 6. Art IV - Rights and Duties of the states -Guarantees to the states 6. Federalism Also… - Limited Govt, -Sep of power ART V THE AMENDMENT PROCESS - Both National and state govts play a role. -People can petition Congress to call for a convention. Federalism ART VI THE SUPREMACY CLAUSE * Created: - “Ladder of Supremacy” 1. Constitution 2. Federal Laws & Treaties 3. State Constitutions 4. State Laws - Federal structure - Union =Federal structure = gave up state sovereignty Federalism Judicial Review ART VII RATIFICATION PROCESS *Process for the adoption of the new government & constitution. * Constitution had to be adopted by the People, at conventions in each State. Federalism National Government and State Government