Download The Human Body Systems

Human Body Systems
Structures, Functions
and Interdependence
SKELETAL SYSTEM
SKELETAL SYSTEM
• Structures:
– Bones
– Joints
– Cartilage
- Tendons
- Ligaments
• Functions:
– Gives the body shape/support
– Allows for movement at the joints
– Protects vital organs
– Creates blood cells
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
• Structures:
– Muscles
– Most organs
• Heart, stomach, intestines,
brain, tongue, diaphragm,
etc.
• Functions:
– Allows the body to move
– Gives body shape and
strength
Systems Work Together…
1. Skeletal and Muscular
System
•
•
Our muscles must be
connected to the
skeletal system to
allow for strength
and movement.
They both help
protect our internal
organs.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• Structures:
–
–
–
–
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small/large intestines
• Functions:
– Digestion = breakdown of food, chemically
and mechanically
– Absorption = food is processed into a usable
source of energy
– Defecating = getting rid of solid waste
Systems Work Together…
2. Digestive and Muscular System
•
•
•
•
At the mouth, the muscles of the jaws and
tongue break food into pieces.
Muscles of the throat move food down the
esophagus.
In the stomach, churning
motions produced by muscles
break food into smaller bits
and mix it with stomach acid.
Finally, muscular contractions
of the intestine move food
through the remainder of the
digestive tract.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Structures:
–
–
–
–
Trachea (windpipe)
Larynx (voice box)
Lungs
Diaphragm
• Functions:
1. Respiration – to supply the blood with
oxygen by breathing (inhale oxygen
and exhale carbon dioxide)
2. Vocalization – using your vocal cords to
speak, sing, scream, etc.
Systems Work Together…
3. Respiratory and Muscular Systems
•
•
•
The diaphragm is a muscle that contracts
(tightens) to allow air to enter the lungs. It
then relaxes to push air out of the lungs.
The vocal cords are a muscle and make
sound as air passes through them.
Respiration provides oxygen to
the muscles so they can work.
All cells need oxygen to function.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
AKA Cardiovascular System
If you
stretched out
all of your
blood
vessels, they
would circle
the world 2.5
times!!!
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• Structures:
– Heart
– Blood
– Blood Vessels
~ veins, arteries, capillaries
• Functions:
o Circulation – movement of blood
throughout the body
o Mailman - blood delivers oxygen to cells
o Trash man - picks up and eliminates waste
from the cells
Systems Work Together…
4. Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
•
•
Red blood cells move
around the body
providing oxygen to
the other cells.
Red blood cells also
pick up and remove
carbon dioxide and
water that cells create
as waste.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
What other
human body
system does this
remind you of?
What are the similarities and differences
between the 2 pictures of the systems?
No,
that is
NOT
an
alien!!!
NERVOUS SYSTEM
• Structures:
– Brain
– Spinal Cord
– Nerves
• Functions:
1. Send electrical signals
to all other systems of
the body.
2. Transmit information
from the environment
to the brain.
Systems Work Together…
5. Nervous and all the other
systems
The brain controls
voluntary and involuntary
muscle movement through
electrical signals.
•
•
•
•
Voluntary – walking,
swimming, reading
Involuntary – breathing,
digesting, heart beat
The signals are delivered
through the spinal cord
and nerves to tell the rest
of the body what to do.