Download Guided Notes- Mesoamerica Conquistadors

Guided Notes- Mesoamerica Conquistadors
Name: _______________________________
Let’s Review!!!
What other nations were exploring the New World?
________________________, ____________________________, ________________________,
___________________________, ____________________________
The Arrival of the Spanish
• April 21, 1519- Spanish ships arrive on the _________________________
• _______________________________- Leader of the expedition
• ___________________________________ – First in North America
Hernan Cortes- Conquistador
• Born in 1485 in Spain
• Cortes was a university law student but dropped out of school to become a New World Conquistador.
• Conquistadors were
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
• 1511 – Participated in the Spanish conquest of Cuba
• Known for his bravery and daring
Why did Cortes want to conquer Mexico?
• __________________________________ for Spain and the Spanish King, Charles the 5th
• Increase Spanish ______________________________
• Spread_________________________________
• Gain personal wealth, glory, and power for himself
Why the Aztecs?
• The Spanish had heard rumors of the ____________________________ of the Aztecs
The Campaign against the Aztec
Cortes gets two lucky breaks
1) Montezuma, the Aztec king, thought Cortes might be _______________________, and welcomed him with
lavish gifts and gold.
2) Discovered a Spanish prisoner who could __________________________________________
The Campaign against the Aztec- part 2
• The Spanish were impressed with the grandeur and riches of the Aztec capital
• But horrified by the ___________________________________________ of the Aztecs.
• Cortes immediately decided to put a _____________________________________________
__________________________________
The Campaign against the Aztec- part 3
• Cortes takes Montezuma prisoner in his own palace.
• After several months, the Aztec people riot
• Cortes _________________________________________________________ the capital in 1521.
• The ________________________________________________________ and is destroyed.
Why did the Spanish win?
• ____________________________________- steel weapons, guns, artillery, horses, steel armor.
• ________________________________ – The Aztecs were so hated, it was easy for the Spanish to recruit the
help of other Indians.
• __________________________ – European diseases, particularly small pox, devastated the Aztec population
Conquest of the Inca
• 1528 – The Inca Empire controlled about 690,000 square miles
• The Inca Empire included ______________________________________________________
• Controlled by the Incan capital of Cuzco.
• __________________________ society!
• Empire hard to govern
– ___________________________________
– Rough terrain
– All travel was done on foot
Francisco Pizarro- Conquistador
• Francisco Pizarro was responsible for the conquest of the Inca.
• Pizarro Goals• _______________________________________
• _____________________
• _____________________
• Traveled to Peru in 1526 to explore, contacted the Inca, then returned to Spain in 1526.
Pizarro’s Conquest
• 1530 – King Charles V financed expedition to gain wealth of the Incans
• Found the Inca much weakened due to a
___________________________________________________________________________
• 1530-1532 Pizarro’s expedition fought along the frontier of the Incan Empire.
• 1532- Pizarro and a force of _________________________________ captured the Inca Emperor, Atahualpa
Interesting Fact- Hoping the Spanish will go away, Atahualpa offers Pizarro a room full of gold, if they will leave.
Pizarro agreed, but instead had Atahualpa executed.
Defeat of the Inca
1533 – Inca capital Cuzco falls to the Spaniards.
 Reasons the Inca were defeated:
o _______________________________________, like guns, horses, canons, and steel armor and swords.
o _________________________________killed as many as 90% of the Inca.
o _______________________________________________________ – the Spaniards made use of their
experience gained fighting the Aztec
o _________________________________________________ – Spanish thought it was their duty to wipe
out non-Christians
Reflection Space:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Glue Margin 