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Transcript
TheHumanShow 60-MinuteHealthLesson InteractiveVideoConferencing Grades: 4 - 8 TEACHERGUIDE TheHumanShow:It’sAllAbout‘Gross’Anatomy! Description Objectives WARNING:Thisprogramisalignedwiththe Ohio “Gross Anatomy” Academic Content Standards! Aliens have abducted the audience in order to learn moreabout the human species. Their findings? Humans are disgusting!Yourhostwillrevealamazingand (possibly) unnerving facts about human anatomyandthetrillionsofmicroorganisms that call the human body home. Don’t worry--allaudiencemembersareeventually returnedtotheclassroom,armedwithsome seriouslyscientific(andsomewhatshocking) informationaboutbeingahuman. • • • • Listthehierarchyoforganism organization:cells,tissues,organsand organsystems. Describehowthebodyusesoxygenand nutrientstomakeenergyatthecellular level. Discussmajorstructuresandfunctions oftheskeletal,muscular,nervous, respiratoryandcirculatorysystemsof thehumanbody. Recognizethatthereistremendous physicaldiversitywithinthehuman species. NationalHealthEducationStandards Grades3-8:Health–Standard1 • Studentswillcomprehendconceptsrelatedtohealthpromotionanddiseaseprevention toenhancehealth Grades3-8:Health–Standard3 • Studentswilldemonstratetheabilitytoaccessvalidinformationandproductsand servicestoenhancehealth. Grade6:LifeScience:CellulartoMulticellular BeforeYourProgram • • Pleasehavestudentscleartheirdesksbeforetheprogrambegins(unlessthey’dliketotake notesonallthehumanbodyfactswe’llbediscussing!). Introducethevocabularyandadditionalresourcesprovidedbelow. Vocabulary anatomy–Thestructureofanorganismorthescienceofthestructureofanimalsorplants. bonemarrow–thelivingcoreofabone,wherebonecellsexistandnewbloodcellsare created. cell–amicroscopiclivingunitofprotoplasm.Sometimescalleda“buildingblock”ofliving multicellularplantsandanimals;abacteriaisasingle-cellorganism. diaphragm–amusclebetweenthechestandabdomenthatmovesupanddowntopushairin andoutofthelungs. follicle-thesheathofcellsandconnectivetissuethatsurroundstherootofahair. involuntarymuscle–musclesthatworkautomatically,withnoconsciouscontrolfromthe organism(mostlythemusclesontheinsideofourbody). neuron–anervecell nutrients–materialsthatprovidelivingorganismswithsubstancestheyrequireforlifeand growth. organ–inanimalsandplants,apartthatisadaptedtoperformaspecificfunction. organism–anylivingthing. organsystem-severalorganswithinanorganismwhichmustoperatetogethertoprovidea specificfunctionforlife. physiology–thesciencedealingwiththefunctionsandprocessesoflivingorganisms. plaque-asoftthinfilmoffooddebris,mucin,anddeadcellsontheteeth,providingamedium forbacterialgrowth. tissue–thesubstanceofalivingorganismthatismadeofcells.Adoctormighttakea“tissue sample”ofanorganthattheysuspectisdiseasedinordertolookatitscellsundera microscope. voluntarymuscle–musclesthattheorganismhasconsciouscontrolover(mostlythemuscles ontheoutsideofourbody). ExtensionActivities • Seethetwoattachedworksheets:The“GreatGermHunt”&“FormulasforFreakyFacts”! OnlineResourcesforTeachersandStudents Clickthelinkbelowtofindadditionalonlineresourcesforteachersandstudents. ThesewebsitesarerecommendedbyourMuseumEducatorsandprovideadditionalcontent informationandsomefun,interactiveactivitiestosharewithyourclass. CMNHEducatorsregularlyreviewtheselinksforquality.Webaddressesoftenchangesoplease notifyusifanylinkshaveissues. • ClevelandMuseumofNaturalHistoryhttps://cmnh.org/edlinks FormulasForFreakyFacts! Howmanycellsmakeuptheaveragehumanbody? Around75trillion!That’sthenumber75,withtwelvezeroesafterit. Trywritingitoutontheboard.Howwouldyouwriteitinexponentialnotation? Howmuchofyourbodyismadeofwater? Humansarearound60-70%water.Use65%asyouraverage. 1.)Writedownyourweight,inpounds. 2.)Multiplythatnumberby.65–thisshowshowmanypoundsofyouismadeupofwater. 3.)Waterweighsabout8.3poundspergallon,sodividethenumberyougotfromStep2by8.3 tofindouthowmanygallonsofwaterareinyourbody! Howlongcouldmyhairgrow,ifInevercutit? Headhairgrowsabout1/2millimeterperday,orabout1/2anincheverymonth. 1.)Theaveragehumanlifespanis65years. 2.)Hairgrowingat1/2inchpermonthwouldtakehowlongtogrowafootofhair? (1foot=12inches.12inchesdividedby.5inchpermonth=24months) 3.)Howmanymonthsina65yearlifetime?(65x12=780months) 4.)Dividethewholelifetimeinmonthsbythetimetogrowafootofhair: (780dividedby24=32.5feetofhair!) Howmanytimesdoesyourheartbeatinayear? Ahealthyhumanheartbeatsaround72timesperminute. 1.)Howmanyminutesinanhour?(60) 2.)Howmanyhoursinaday?(24) 3.)Howmanydaysinayear?(365) 4.)72beatsperminutex60minutes=4,320beatsperhour. 5.)4,320x24hoursinaday=103,680beatsperday. 6.)103,680x365=37,843,200beatsperyear! Howlongareyourguts? You’llneedeitheralongrope,orayardstickforthisanswer. 1.)Yourstomachisaboutaslongasyouroutstretchedthumbtopinkyononehand. 2.)Yoursmallintestineisabout3timesaslongasyouaretall. 3.)Yourlargeintestineisaboutaslongasyouroutstretchedarms. TheGreatGermHunt: HowCleanisYourHouse? WHATYOUNEED: Unflavoredgelatin Beefbouilloncube Petridishesorothersmallcleandishes Q-tipswabs water PREPAREYOURMEDIA: Heatsomewatertoalmostboiling.Stironetablespoonofplain,unflavoredgelatinand onebeefbouilloncubeintoonecupofveryhotwater.Stirconstantlyuntilthegelatinandcube dissolvecompletely.PourathinlayeroftheliquidineachPetridish.CovereachPetridish quicklytoavoidcontamination.Waituntilgelatinsetsbeforegoingontothenextstep.Ifyou don’thavePetridishes,youcouldusecleanlidsfromoldcoffeecansorothercontainers,and useabowltocoverthem.Thistastybeef-flavoredproteingooisnowdeliciousfoodformany kindsofbacteria,molds,andfungusthatmaybehidinginyourhome. FINDINGYOURRESIDENTMICROBES: Chooseseveraldifferentitemsthatmayhavelotsofgermsonthem.Gentlybrushthem withadampQ-tipinaboutatwo-inchsquarearea,openthePetridishandmakestreaksonthe surfaceofthegelatin.Usegentlepressure,donotdigintothegelatin,anddonotretraceyour previousstreaks.DiscardtheQ-tip.Repeatthesameprocedurewiththeotheritemandswab ontheothersideofthePetridish.CompletelysealthePetridishwithfourpiecesofcleartape. (Ifyouareusingalternatedishes,makesuretheyarecoveredwellenoughtoavoiddust,dirt, bugsorotherdebrisgettingintothem.)StorethePetridishinadark,warm,anddryplace. Eachdayforfivedays,takeabout10minutestoobservethedishesandrecordyour findings.Ingeneral,ifanygrowthlooksfuzzy,itisyeast.Ifitisslimy,it’sprobablyamold.Ifit isabunchoftinycircles,it’sprobablybacteriacolonies.Smellthecolonies!Everykindof microorganismwillhaveitsowndistinct(andusuallygross)odor. DONOTTOUCHYOURNEW‘PETS’! TheitemsthatyouswabbedwiththeQ-tipsmayhavehadaFEWbacteriaonthem,but nowyouhavegrowncoloniesofMILLIONS.Thatisenoughbacteriatomakeyousickiftheyget intoyourbody.Onceyouhaveadmiredyourresults,killthecoloniesbymistingthemwith Lysolorasolutionof¼cupbleachto1gallonofwater.Thenyourdishescanbethrownawayin thetrash.
