Download The Skeletal and Muscular Systems – notes

Name: _____________________
The Skeletal and Muscular Systems – notes
The Major
Organs of the
Skeleton
System
Your skeleton is alive; and contains ___________________ _____ like bones,
cartilage, and special structures that connect them.
1. ________________________- most bones start off as this soft flexible tissue and
later turn to bone.
2. The place where two bones connect is called a ________________________.
3. Joints are kept together with strong elastic bands of connective tissue called
________________________.
Skull
Sternum
Ribs
Vertebral
column
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Pelvis
Ulna
Carpels
Metacarpel
s
Phalanges
Femur.
Patella
Fibula
Tibia
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Major
Functions of
the Skeletal
System
1. ________________________ of vital organs
a. The _____________shield important organs such as your heart and lungs.
b. Your spinal cord is protected by the ________________________
c. The ________________________protects the brain
2. ________________________of minerals like calcium and phosphorous that help
other body systems function properly and storage of fats for energy
3. ________________________ – bones work with muscles to produce movement
3 Types of
Tissues in
Bones
4. _______________ Cell Formation – blood is made in the soft marrow of the bone
1. ________________________bone – no open spaces
2. ________________________ bone – open spaces
3. ________________________ – 2 types; red and yellow
i. ________________________– produces red blood cells
ii. ________________________ – stores fat
3 Types of
Joints
Name: _____________________
1. ________________________allow bones to glide over one another.
2. _______________________________
Allow bones to rotate and move freely in all directions.
3. ________________________acts like a hinge of a door and allows movement in
one direction
Disorders of
the Skeletal
System
1. Osteoporosis – Bones become fragile and more likely to ___________________
2. Osteoarthritis – ______________disorder where protective cartilage wears away
3. Scoliosis – abnormal curvature of the ________________________
4. Fractures – a break in the continuity of ________________________
Ways to
detect skeletal
conditions
and disorders
1. ______________________- radiation absorbed by the body to make an image
2. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy - bone marrow is removed from the body
and viewed under a microscope to detect ________________________
3. _______________ scan - X-ray images taken in “slices” to produce 3-D images
Major Organs
of Muscular
System
Function of
Muscles
Three Types
of Muscle
Tissue
How Muscles
Work
Disorders of
the Muscular
System
4. _______________ - uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to
make pictures of organs and other soft tissues
1.
________________________– largest muscle in the body
2.
________________________– move arm
Muscles work together with _______________to provide the body with movement.
1. ________________________ muscle- Voluntary - enables bones to move
2. ________________________ muscle- Involuntary - moves food through the
digestive tract and controls blood flow.
3. ________________________muscle- Involuntary - Found only in the heart
________________________ muscles pull on the bones to produce movement.
– ________________________connect bone to muscle
Muscles work in ________________________
1. When a muscle bends a part of your body it is called a _____________________
2. When a muscle straightens a part of your body it is called an ________________
1. Muscular Dystrophy - Inherited Disorder that causes damage to
muscle________________________
2. Cerebral Palsy - Disorder in which damage to the ________________________
results in loss of muscle control