Download Manifest Destiny

Age of Jackson, Civil War and
Reconstruction
STAAR Review 2015
Andrew Jackson
In the _______________,
Election of 1824 there was no winner because no one won the majority of the
John Quincy Adams
electoral college votes. __________________made
a deal with Speaker of the House,
______________,
saying that if the House of Representatives choose Adams as President, J.Q.
Henry Clay
Corrupt Bargain
Adams would make Henry Clay the _________________.
The House of Representatives
Secretary of State
choose J.Q. Adams as president and Andrew Jackson called this the “________________”.
However, voting requirements changed between 1824 and 1828, allowing Jackson to win by a
landslide 1828!
Voting Requirements
Election of 1824
•
•
•
•
White
Male
21 or older
Own Property
Election of 1828
• White
• Male
• 21 or older
How did the Election of 1828 expand suffrage?
Gave more people, who did not own property, the right to vote.
Andrew Jackson and the Nullification Crisis
The Story:
Congress passed a Tariff of 1828 that increased tariffs on goods from Europe. This Protective Tariff
protected Northern Industries while making products more expense for Southern planters.
Southerners nicknamed this tariff the “Tariff of Abominations”, because they hated it so much. Vice
President John C. Calhoun believed in states’ rights, and believed states could limit the power the of
National government in their own state. South Carolina passed the Nullification Act which declared
the tariff illegal in their state. South Carolina threatened to secede, withdraw, if the tariff was not
lifted. Henry Clay created a compromise lowering the tariff but also giving the President more power
to use force if a state threatened to secede again.
Cause:
Effects:
• Tariff helped the North
at the expense of the
South
• South Carolina tries to
nullify the tariff and
threatens to secede
from the Union
• Henry Clay creates a
compromise that
lowers the tariff but
gives the president
more power to use
force if a state
threatens to secede
Nullification Crisis
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny: The belief
in the God given right that
America should expand from
the Atlantic to the Pacific
What do you see in this
picture that relates to
Manifest Destiny?
Andrew Jackson and the Indian Removal Act
• Indian Removal Act: Gave the president power to move Native Americans west
of the Mississippi River
• Jackson began to remove many Native American tribes in the Southeast to
Indian Territory in present day Oklahoma
Worcester vs. Georgia
However…
Cherokees refused to
move and took their case
to the Supreme Court
Supreme Court ruled in
favor of the Cherokees
and said they could stay
in Georgia
• President Jackson refused to enforce the Court’s
ruling and made the Cherokees move anyways
• Trail of Tears: Forced removal of Native Americans
to Indian Territory where they lost their homeland
and many lost their lives on the way
Westward Expansion Map
Oregon
Territory
Mexican
Cession
Gadsden
Purchase
Louisiana
Purchase
Texas
Annexation
Northwest
Territory
Florida
Label:
1. Original 13
Colonies
2. Northwest
Territory
3. Florida
4. Louisiana
Purchase
5. Oregon Country
6. Texas
Annexation
7. Mexican Cession
8. Gadsden
Purchase
Westward Expansion Map
Oregon
Country,
1846
Economic
Fur Trade
Social
Bring
Christianity
to Native
Americans
Political
Split the
territory with
Great Britain
at the 49th
parallel
Westward Expansion Map
Economic
Texas could
pay off war
debt with
money from
annexation
Texas
Annexation,
1845
Social
Many
Americans
lived in Texas
Political
Polk won
election of
1844 by
supporting
annexation
of Texas
Westward Expansion Map
Mexican
Cession,
1848
Gadsden
Purchase,
1853
Economic
U.S. paid $15
million for
Cession and
$10 million
for Gadsden
after
Mexican War
Social
Gain
California
and Utah,
which led to
Gold Rush
and Mormon
Migration
Political
Ended the
disputes
between
Mexico and
the U.S.
Westward Expansion Map
Economic
Agriculture,
shipping, and
trade
expanded
California
Gold Rush,
1849
Social
Many
groups,49ers,
rushed to
California,
boomtowns
Political
California
applied for
statehood as
a free state
U.S.-Mexican War
Put the following
era of US history
in order on the
timeline above.
Texas gains independence
from Mexico
Mexican-American War
Manifest Destiny is
complete
U.S. buys Gadsden
Purchase
Texas as a Republic
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
U.S. gains Mexican Cession
Border disputes leads to
fighting
Mexico is angered by
Texas annexation
Texas is annexed to the
U.S.
North vs. South Perspective on Slavery
The North and the South had differing view on slavery. This was a leading
cause of the Civil War.
Northern Perspective
•Slavery was a moral issue
Southern Perspective
•Slavery was an economic
necessity
•Slavery was evil
•Slavery was a way of life and
•If slavery was not abolished, it part of their society
could bring God’s judgment
•Wanted to move slavery west
Causes of the Civil War
States’ Rights
Right of a state to limit the power of the
Federal government
Tariff of 1828
and 1832
Tax on imports that protected Northern
industries at the expense of Southern planters
Nullification
Crisis
John C. Calhoun and S. Carolina threaten to
secede if tariff of 1828 and 1832 is not lifted
Slavery
Bleeding
Kansas
South saw this as an economic necessity,
however North saw it as a moral issue
Uncle Tom’s
Cabin
Book by H.B. Stowe about the evils of slavery,
abolitionists movement grows in the North
KansasNebraska Act
Kansas and Nebraska would use popular
sovereignty to determine slavery in their state
Bleeding
Kansas
Settlers from both sections rushed to Kansas
to vote, violence broke out, mini-civil war
Election of
1860
Abe Lincoln becomes the first Republican
President and S. Carolina is first to secede
Compromises
Henry Clay
Because the North and the South could agree on many issues, ________________
came up with several compromises to help keep the Union together for a short
time before the Civil War.
Missouri Compromise
Compromise of 1850
1. Missouri would be a slave state
1. California would be a free state
2. Maine would be a free state
2. Harsher fugitive slave law
3. Creation of 36’30’’ line – no slavery 3. New Mexico and Utah will use
above that line in the Louisiana
popular sovereignty to determine
Territory only
slavery
1. In the Missouri Compromise, why did Missouri and Maine have to be admitted at the
same time?
So the number of slave and free states would stay equal in Congress
2. What parts of each compromise would the South agree with, and which parts would the
North agree with?
South: Missouri slave state and harsher fugitive slave law
North: Maine free state and California free state
Dred Scott Decision
Dred Scott
slave
free
The Story: ___________moved
with his owner from a ________state
to a _______
freedom
state. When his owner died, Scott sued for his ____________
2. Slaves were
property
1. Slaves were not
citizens and could
not bring lawsuit
to court
3. Congress could
not ban slavery in
territories
Supreme
Court’s
decided…
4. Missouri
Compromise was
unconstitutional
The Civil War Battles
Battle
Date
What Happened
Importance
Fort Sumter
?
April 12, 1861
South refused to give up fort,
firing broke out but no one
was injured
First battle of the Civil
War
Antietam
Sept 18, 1862
Confederate loss, bloodiest
battle of war
Lincoln used victory to
issue Emancipation
?
Proclamation
Gettysburg
July 1-3, 1863
Confederate loss meant they
would never invade Union
again
Lincoln gave Gettysburg
Address after
? this battle
Appomattox
Courthouse
April 9, 1865
Robert E. Lee (confederate
commander) surrenders to
?
Ulysses S. Grant (Union
commander)
Civil War is over, Union
Victory
John Wilkes Booth shoots
Lincoln in Ford’s theatre
Reconstruction will look
very differently than
what Lincoln wanted
Assassination of April 15, 1865
Lincoln ?
Reconstruction
13th Amendment
Freed the slaves in the
U.S.
14th Amendment
15th Amendment
Gave citizenship to
Allowed all male
former enslaved people citizens the right to
vote
1. How did these amendments impact the American
way of life?
Remember the phrase:
“Free Citizens Vote”
These 3 amendments expanded the
rights of all citizens in the U.S.
1. What time period later on in history will be
effected by these amendments?
Free: 13th
Citizens: 14th
Vote: 15th
These amendments lay the foundation for the Civil Rights
Movement in the 1950s and 1960s