Download Chapter 13 Review Sheet-KEY - Bishop McGann

KEY____________________
Chapter 13 Review Sheet
As always, this is not all inclusive. You are responsible for all of the material you read and took notes on.
1) Germanic Kingdoms
 What happens in Western Europe? (Downfall)
 Dark Ages
 decrease in learning, decrease in trade, increase in warfare
 All Roman glory was gone
 Barbarians were uneducated
 Loss of a common language
 Clovis
 King who united the Franks
 Converted to Christianity
 This showed the partnership of 2 powerful forces

Christianity
 Monasteries and Missionaries
 Religious communities that monks lived in
a. Best educated, ran schools and libraries
i. Last bit of Roman glory saved by the church
 Spread Religion
 Expansion of Church power
 Involved in politics
 Negotiate treaties
 Pope’s palace was the center of Roman government
 Used church funds used to raise armies, repair roads, help poor
 Charles Martel
 Won the battle of Tours against the Muslims
 Most powerful person in the kingdom
 Expanded Frankish territory
 His son was Pepin the Short
a. Crowned “King by Grace of God”
b. Started the Carolingian Dynasty
 Charlemagne
 Son of Pepin the Short/ Grandson of Charles Martel
 Crowned “Holy Roman Emperor” by Pope Leo III
 Conquered more land to the South and the East and spread Christianity
 After his death his sons lost control of the empire
a. Eventually signed the Treaty of Verdun to split into 3 territories
KEY____________________
2) Fedualism
 How does it evolve?
 Evolves from fear and need for protection
 Different roles of people
 Lords-landowner
 Vassals-lesser lords/given land by lords/ worked for the lords-sometimes as
knights
 Knights-protection
 Serfs-workers
 Manorialism
 Economic system of the manor
 Self-sufficent
 Knights and Chivalry
 Fight for 3 people
 Heavenly Lord, Earthly Lord, Chosen Lady
 Protect Weak and Poor
3) The Power of the Church
 Church structure
 Clergy(Pope, Bishops, Priests)
 Local Priests were contact for the people
 Church Laws
 Sacraments
 Otto I
 Most effective Ruler of Medieval Germany
 Gained the support of the Church
 Invaded Italy on the Pope’s behalf
 Eventually-Pope and Italians resented him and the German power
 Politics and the Church clashing
 Banning of lay investiture by Pope Gregory
 Less powers for the nobles, more for the church

Frederick I
 Claimed his land to be the Holy Roman Empire
 It was patchwork of feudal territories
 Could never regain Charlemagne’s empire
 Clashed with the Pope