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CLONE
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鄭人文
柯依婷
謝佳翰
廖娟慧
曾憲章
History
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1.1966- the establishment of the complete genetic code. In 1966,
some scientists crack the genetic code. The cracking of the
genetic code opened the door for the explosion of genetic
engineering studies and achievement.
2. 1970-first restriction enzyme isolated. In 1970, two scientists
called Howard and David working independently isolated the first
restriction enzyme. The restriction enzyme called Reverse
Transcriptase, cut DNA molecules at precise locations. This
capability led to the manipulation of DNA.
3. In 1996, Dolly, the first animal cloned from adult cells, born.
Researchers at the Roslin Institute in Scotland created Dolly using
a technique similar to that with which they created the first sheep
from differentiated embryo cells in 1995.
4. In 1997, a Harvard graduate researcher, Richard, announced
that he planned to clone a human being before any federal laws
could be enacted to ban the process. His announcement irritated
lots of ethical people.
Cloning Techniques
► Nuclear
Transfer
► Roslin Technique
► Honolulu Technique
Roslin Technique
http://home.hawaii.rr.com/johns/art.htm
Honolulu Technique
http://home.hawaii.rr.com/johns/aht.htm
Future
► Infertility
► Kidey
failure
► Leukemia—bone marrow
► Cancer
► Spinal cord injury
► Testing for genetic disease
Interview
► Introduce
► What
is your opinion about “cloning”?
► Are you for the idea of cloning which helps
the parents who are unable to have their
own baby to carry out their dreams?
Discussion
► A:
Is cloning wrong or right?
-Wrong◎The decline in genetic diversity.
◎If everyone has the same genetic material…
◎If a population of organisms has the same genetic information…
◎ Errors are occurring when scientists carry out the procedure.
-Right◎ The goals and proposes for cloning range from making copies of those that
have deceased to better engineering the offspring in humans and animals.
◎ Cloning could also directly offer a means of curing diseases or technique
that could extend means to acquiring new data for sciences of embryology and
how organisms develop as a whole over time.
◎ Researchers can harvest and grow adult cells in large amounts compared
to embryos.
◎ Scientists can then genetically alter these cells and find which ones did
transform and then clone only those cells.
► B:
Can we and should we clone
humans?
There is no doubt that many problems involving the technological
and ethical sides of this issue will arise and will be virtually impossible to
avoid, but the overall idea of cloning humans is one that we should
accept as a possible reality for the future.
Using cloning to procedure offspring for the sake of their organs is
an issue that we must also face and question whether or not it is morally
right.
Most people only seem to want to carter to their own needs and do
not bother to consider the consequences society and the clone may have
to face.
Thanks for your participations
► BY
Louise