Download Project Management

Introduction to Project
Management
Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction
Projects - Attributes and Challenges
Project Management
Project Management Framework – PMI
Project Management Certifications (PMP / CAPM)
Project Management Software
Project Success Factors
Traditional and Agile
Takeaways
Project Management
2
Introduction
• In any Economy the significant part of the growth is achieved through
Economic activities in Project Mode / Mission Critical Project Mode.
• Any Project of reasonable complexity can only be Planned, Managed
and Delivered through Project Management Tools & Techniques
which is enabled through Technologies.
• When a project and program management mindset is embedded into
an organization’s DNA, performance improves and competitive
advantage accelerates.
• The projects of high-performing organizations successfully meet goals
two–and–a–half times more often (90 percent vs. 36 percent), and
these organizations waste 13 times less money than their lowperforming counterparts.**
Source: PMI: Pulse of the Profession 2015: Capturing the Value of Project Management 2015
Project Management
3
Operations and Projects
• Organizations perform work, classified into either operations or
projects with common characteristics like
 People perform both the activities.
 Both are constrained by limited resources.
 Both are planned, executed, and controlled.
• Operations are ongoing and repetitive whereas projects are temporary
and unique.
• Projects are often implemented as a means of achieving an
organization’s strategic plan they are critical for the organizations
growth like
 Developing a new product or service.
 Effecting a change in structure, staffing, or style of an
organization.
 Developing a new or modified information system.
 Implementing a new business procedure or process.
Project Management
4
Project Attributes
• A project:
 Has a unique purpose
 Is temporary
 Is developed using progressive elaboration
 Requires resources, often from various areas
 Should have a primary customer or sponsor
The project sponsor usually provides the
direction and funding for the project
 Involves uncertainty / evolutionary in nature
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a
unique product or service or result. Requires the adoption of
a specific management philosophy and distinct technical
skills
Project Management
5
Project Types
Development
project is like
building a
house as per
need of the
customer
Enhancement
project is like
extension of an
existing building
Maintenance
project is like
repairing an
existing
building
Conversion
project is like
changing an
existing feature
e.g. moving to
tiled flooring
Package Implementation
project resembles purchase of
ready-made apartments with
limited customization.
Project Management
6
Possible issues in Projects
•
•
•
•
•
Schedule Delay
Cost Overrun
HR Management
Risk Management
Communication
• Primary constraints are
 Scope (what work to be
done?)
 Time (how long to
complete?)
 Budget (what should it
cost?)
Project manager’s duty to balance these 3 often-competing
goals and satisfy the project’s sponsor!.
Project Management
7
Challenges
•
While the focus is ensuring project delivery, statistics show projects are often not
delivered / delivered after missing several target dates with huge cost overrun.
•
Gartner group of 2011 said that projects were still failing at the rate of 70% - 80%
•
Most Common Causes of Project Failure:








•
Changing priorities within organization – 40%
Inaccurate requirements – 38%
Change in project objectives – 35%
Undefined risks/opportunities – 30%
Poor communication – 30%
Inadequate sponsor support – 29%
Inaccurate task time estimate – 27%
Inexperienced project manager – 20%
Top Contributors to Large IT Project Failure:
 Unclear objectives/lack of business focus
 Unrealistic schedule/reactive planning
 Shifting requirements/technical complexity
 Unaligned team/missing skills
 Unexplained causes
Source: PMI: Pulse of the Profession 2015: Capturing the Value of Project Management 2015
Challenges
Project Management
9
Project Management
• Clients initiate a project to achieve business benefit
• Clients’ expectations are Project management is the discipline
 Problem solving
of planning, organizing, motivating,
and controlling resources to achieve
 Value delivery
specific goals.
 Risk Management
• Client Concerns
 Benefits
 Transition
 Risk
• Project focus
 Schedule
 Cost
 Risk
 Scope
Project Management
10
Why formal Project Management?
Focus on activities involving skills, resources and cost
•
•
•
•
•
•
Higher quality and increased reliability.
Improved customer relations.
Better control of financial, physical, and resources.
Shorter development times leading to lower costs.
Higher profit margins with improved productivity.
Better internal coordination and teamwork leading to
higher worker morale (less stress).
Project Management
11
PERT – CPM Technique
Project Breakdown structure
Essential six steps of PERT –
CPM Technique
Planning, Scheduling (or organizing)
and Control are considered to be
basic Managerial functions of Project
Manager.
A Typical PERT/CPM Diagram
•Define the Project in terms of all of
it’s significant activities or tasks.
•Develop the relationships
( precedence) among the activities.
•Draw the "Network" connecting all
the activities. Use Dummy Activities if
needed to maintain Precedence
•Assign time and/ resource or cost
estimates to each activity
•Compute the longest time path
through the network - Critical Path
•Use the Network to plan, schedule,
monitor progress and control the
project
Project Management
12
Project Management
Project Management Body of
Knowledge (PMBOK)
Fifth Edition
from
Project Management
Institute (PMI) of USA
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills,
tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project
requirements.” (PMBOK)
Source: http://www.pmi.org
Project Management
13
Project Management Framework
Process Groups
1. Initiating
2. Planning
3. Executing
4. Monitoring and
Control
5. Closing
Knowledge Areas
1. Project Integration
Management
2. Project Scope Management
3. Project Time Management
4. Project Cost Management
5. Project Quality Management
6. Project Human Resource
Management
7. Project Communications
Management
8. Project Risk Management
9. Project Procurement
Management
10.Project Stakeholders
Management
Source: http://www.pmi.org
Project Management
14
The Project Management Profession
• Professional societies such as the Project Management
Institute (PMI) have grown significantly.
• There are specific interest groups in many areas, such
as engineering, financial services, health care, and IT.
• Project management research and certification
programs continue to grow.
• PMI provides certification as a Project Management
Professional (PMP).
• A PMP has documented sufficient project experience,
agreed to follow a code of ethics, and passed the PMP
exam.
Source:
www.pmiwbc.org
www.pmi.org
Project Management
15
PMP Certification
Project Management
16
Source: http://www.pmi.org
PMP Certification Advantages
PMP is one of the best professional credential in the field of Project Management. The Project
Management Guidelines, Methodologies, tools and techniques, and the entire framework
provide a more holistic view of project management, enriching your knowledge.
According to Foote Partners LLC, an IT workforce research company, projects managed by
people who are not PMP certified project managers have only 25% success rate in contrast to
75% success rate of projects handled by PMP certified managers.
Why should I go for PMP certification?
A professional with a PMP certification is recognized worldwide to handle projects with
diligence and constructive approach and enhances your marketability
Certifies your expertise in project understanding, time management, risk management,
quality control, leadership, budgeting, communication, documentation and integration
 Increased Earnings - contributes to Higher Billing Rate
 Better career opportunities to someone who is PMP certified and all of these skills add
value to the organization
Improved Project Management Skills
Professional Validation of your Experience & Competence; a PMP credential gives you the
most sought after appreciation and visibility within your organization.
Source: http://www.pmchamp.com/benefits-of-pmp-certification/
Project Management
17
How does it help me ?
Graduates from specialized MBA programs may become full-time project
management professionals in a variety of industries,
A degree isn't absolutely necessary for a career in project management.
However, it can certainly enhance your resume. A degree may increase
your chances of getting an entry level position. It may also help you to
advance in your career.
Indian IT companies value PMP more then MBA because PMP is more
tailored for their requirements then an MBA (for Delivery streams). For
Consulting streams MBAs are preferred over PMP as you need broader
skills.
Source: http://www.excite.com/education/business/project-management/mba
Project Management
18
Certified Associate in Project Management
(CAPM) Certification
Source: http://www.pmi.org
Project Management
19
Project Management Software
• Enterprise PM software integrates information from
multiple projects to show the status of active, approved,
and future projects across an entire organization.
• It also provides links to more detailed information on
each project.
• Many managers report status in color – Red, Yellow, and
Green (RAG)
Project Management
20
Microsoft Project (MS Project)
•
Project management software
program, designed to assist a
PM in developing a plan,
assigning resources to tasks,
tracking progress, managing the
budget, and analyzing
workloads.
•
Microsoft Project and Microsoft
Project Server are the
cornerstones of the Microsoft
Office Enterprise Project
Management (EPM) product.
•
Microsoft Project Professional
and Project Server 2013 have
been officially available since the
beginning of March 2013
Project Management
21
SAP PS - Project Systems
Functionality
Structures
Capacities
Project Structures
Project Planning
Project Budgeting
Material
Analysis
Project
Information
System
Scheduling & Execution
Project Period End
Closing
Progress
Analysis
Project Analysis &
Reporting
Project Management
Controlling
A
L
V
Proj.
summarizatio
n
22
PRIMAVERA – Project Management
Structuring Projects
1. Setting-up and define EPS (Enterprise
Project Structure).
2. Add a project to the EPS hierarchy.
3. Defining WBS (Work breakdown
structure) to the Project.
(EPS)
Enterprise Project Structure
4. Defining OBS (Organizational breakdown
structure)
Projects
5. Defining Resources.
6. Create Calendar for Activities &
Resources.
(WBS)
Work Breakdown Structure
7. Add activities to WBS.
8. Input activity details.
Activities
9. Schedule project.
10. Updating progress after project starts.
11. Preview / Print reports (Default / Custom
made reports).
Project Management
(OBS)
Organisational Breakdown
Structures
23
Project Success Factors*
1. Executive support
2. User involvement
3. Experienced project
manager
4. Clear business objectives
5. Ring fencing scope
6. Standard software
infrastructure
7. Firm basic requirements
8. Formal methodology
9. Reliable estimates
10. Other criteria, such as
small milestones, proper
planning, competent staff,
and ownership
*The Standish Group, “Extreme CHAOS” (2001).
Project Management
24
Traditional and Agile
Every project must
 Develop a scope of work
 Estimate the time and cost of
the project
 Allocate resources
 Conduct a risk assessment
Traditional
 Gathers all the requirements
affront
 Plan driven
Agile
 Adaptive – accommodating to
newer or different conditions to
deliver the true end goals of the
products
 Iterative and incremental delivery
with focus on maximizing value
delivery
 Progressive elaboration or
rolling-wave planning
Flipping the Iron triangle
Source: Agile Project Management - Jim Highsmith
Project Management
Iterative and Incremental delivery - Scrum
Project Management
26
Source: Agile Project Management - Jim Highsmith
Takeaways
• As the number and complexity of projects continue to
grow, it is becoming even more important to practice good
project management.
• A project has several attributes, such as being unique,
temporary and developed incrementally.
• A framework for project management includes project
stakeholders, the ten knowledge areas, tools and
techniques, and creating project portfolios to ensure
enterprise success.
• Successful project managers must possess and
development many skills and lead their teams by example.
• The project management profession continues to mature
as more people become certified and more tools are
created.
Project Management
27