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Name _________________________________ Date ____________________________ Per ______ Nervous System Study Guide Nervous System & Neurons 1. The organs of the nervous system include ______________________, __________________________ and ___________________________. 2. Matching the term to the correct statement. WORD BANK a. _______________________ the cell body receives information from this treebranch like projection that extends from a neuron. meningitis b. _______________________ Disorder that results in the inflammation of the layers axon of connective tissue that surrounds the brain. myelin sheath c. _______________________ The cells of the nervous system that carry impulses synapse dendrite (electrical signals). neuron d. _______________________ Fatty outer layer that surrounds the axon of a neuron giving it a white appearance. e. _______________________ Space between two neurons. f. _______________________ carries impulses away from the cell body. 3. The presence of myelin sheath on the axon of a neuron allows an impulse to travel __________________(faster or slower). 4. Write the function of the following types of neurons: a. Sensory neuron: _______________________________________________________________________ b. Motor neuron: ________________________________________________________________________ c. Interneuron: __________________________________________________________________________ 5. Label the parts of a neuron. Draw an arrow to show the path of an impulse. Action Potential and Impulses 6. _________________________ are chemical signals that are released when an impulse reaches the axon terminals. 7. _______________ and ___________________ are the two ions responsible for the electrical charge difference on the cell membrane of the neuron. 8. Label the following terms on the diagram. (neurotransmitter, axon, synaptic cleft, dendrite) 9. What is the function of a neurotransmitter? 10. An ___________________ or an __________________________ begins when a neuron is stimulated by the environment or another neuron. 11. Label the CHARGES (+ and -) and the ions (Na+ and K+) on the following diagram of an axon when the neuron is at REST. Divisions of the Nervous System 12. The 2 major divisions of the nervous system is the _________________nervous system (CNS) and ____________________ nervous system (PNS). 13. The organs of the central nervous system (CNS) consists of the __________________ and the ______________________. 14. The organs of the peripheral nervous system (CNS) consists of the ____________________ and the ______________________. 15. Name the 3 structures that make up the brain stem. 16. What 3 structures protect the Central Nervous System? 17. The ____________________________ is involved in reflexes. 18. Matching. a. _________________________ Division of the nervous system that is responsible for slowing down body activities (“rest & digest”). b. Division of the brain that controls balance and posture. c. _________________________ Division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that controls breathing and heart rate (involuntary functions). d. _________________________ Division of the nervous system that stimulates the body to action in the “fight or flight response”. WORD BANK sympathetic parasympathetic autonomic cerebellum 19. List the pathway of a reflex arc. 20. The _____________________________ (cerebrum or brain stem) controls vital functions such as breathing or heart rate. 21. List the 4 lobes that make up the cerebrum. 22. The _____________________________(cerebrum or diencephalon) controls conscious activities of the body. 23. Label the major divisions of the brain in the diagram. Corpus collosum, brain stem, cerebellum, cerebrum , diencephalon 24. Drugs affect the nervous system by interfering with the __________________ _________________________________. 25. List the major neurotransmitters found in the body. 26. Label the lobes of the cerebrum: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe, brain stem, cerebellum Nervous System of the Human Body Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Sensory Division Motor Division Somatic NS Autonomic NS Sympathetic Parasympathetic